Chapter 5 - The internet and its uses

Question 1

What is the:

Internet

Answer 1

a global infrastructure of interconnected networks. The world wide web is all the web pages that are accessible via the internet.

Question 2

How is the:

Web page located

Answer 2

Through the URL (uniform rersource locator)
Has a text based address
can be access through a web browser such as google
URL address contains a protocol, a host, a domain name, and a web/file name

Question 3

Where are:

Web pages held

Answer 3

on computers connected to the internet

Question 4

What is a:

protocol

Answer 4

A set of rules for communication between devices.

Question 5

What is:

HTTP

Answer 5

A protocol (hyper text transfer protocol) used to communicate across the web. Any data sent such as your name address or bank details can be seen and hacked.

Question 6

What is:

HTTPS

Answer 6

The same as HTTP, but it is secure as the data transmitted is encrypted and cannot be understood by other people, and is authenticated to make sure the website is secure

Question 7

What are:

Other browser functions

Answer 7

1. Storing bookmarks and favourites
2. Storing cookies
3. recording user history
4. allowing use of multiple tabs
5. providing navigation tools
6. providing an address bar

Question 8

How is a:

Web page located

Answer 8

1. The domain name server converts a website address into an IP address so that a browser on a client machine can make a request to the correct web server hosting that web page. If no domain name is found, an error message is sent back(other dns servers will be checked first)

Question 9

What are

Cookies

Answer 9

Text files with small pieces of data used to hold user preferences, with persistent cookies which are saved since they are made and session cookies which are replaced every time the user visist the webiste

Question 10

What is the:

URL

Answer 10

A text based address to find a web page which are accessed on web browsers

Question 11

What is the role of a:

Domain name server

Answer 11

To convert a website address (an URL) into an IP address so that a browser on a client machine can make a request to the correct web server. An error is sent if none is found

Question 12

What is:

HTML

Answer 12

standard markup language for creating web pages using elements in tags

Question 13

What are:

Digital currencies

Answer 13

Money-like assets that only exist in digital form and is exchanged digitally with no physical banknotes in circulation. For example, bitcoin

Question 14

What is a:

Blockchain

Answer 14

Database technology used to form digital ledgers which is a time-stamped series of transaction recorded in a chain tracking the digital currencies movement
Each new transaction is added onto the transaction blocks
A transaction carries the user’s ID number and a reference to the previous block, which is a has total calculated with a hashing algortihm.
Change to data in the block creates ripple effects of incorrect hashes leading to incorrect hash totals, making the infor rejected, which maintains integrity and trustworthiness of the data.

Question 15

Different types of:

IP address

not 4,6

Answer 15

Public - unique public address for the router for information given by the router
private - an ip address used just for the local network and cannot be found on the internet, and are not unique.

Question 16

What is a:

MAC address

Answer 16

media access control
Hardwareindentification number that uniquely identifies each device on a network; it is nmanufactured into every network card and cannot be altered.