Chapter 5 - TEST 2 Flashcards
What are civil rights?
The rights of all Americans to equal treatment under the law, as provided by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.
What is the equal protection clause?
Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment, which says that no state shall “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”
What is separate but equal doctrine?
a legal principle in the Us that allowed for racial segregation as long as the facilities and services provided to each race were equal in nature.
What is Plessy v Ferguson (1896)
A decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the separate but equal doctrine.
(Said that rational segregation laws did not violate the US Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal)
What are Jim Crow Laws?
were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation. Named after a Black minstrel show character, the laws—which existed for about 100 years, from the post-Civil War era until 1968—were meant to marginalize African Americans by denying them the right to vote, hold jobs, get an education or other opportunities. Those who attempted to defy Jim Crow laws often faced arrest, fines, jail sentences, violence and death.
What is de jure segregation?
separation of groups of people according to government-enacted laws. THIS IS THE LAW (laws against interracial marriages and hiring people of the targeted ethnicity for jobs) These laws are often repealed or overturned by superior courts.
(THIS IS DIFFERENT THEN FACTO SEGREGATION so know the difference)
What is Brown v Board of Education (1954)
justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. (overturned the Plessy v Ferguson ruling)
What is de facto segregation?
separation of groups that happen even though it is not required or sanctioned by law. THIS IS NOT THE LAW
What is busing?
Not sure what he is asking in this question on the study guide because he just listed “busing” but guessing he is referring to:
the desegration bussing that was a failed attempt to diversify the racial make up of schools in the US by sending students to schools districts other then their own,
What is Civil Rights Act of 1964?
comprehensive US legislation intended to end discrimination based on race, color, religion or national origin.
(it is often called the most important US law on civil rights and is the hallmark of the American civil rights movement. )
What is the 19th Amendment?
Granted american women the right to vote
What is feminism?
A doctrine advocating full political, economic, and social equality for women.
What is sexual harassment?
Unwanted physical contact, verbal conduct, or abuse of a sexual nature that interferes with a recipient’s job performance, creates a hostile environment, or carries with it an implicit or explicit threat of adverse employment consequences.
What is LGBTQ?
Individuals who are lesbian, gay men, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning.
What is affirmative action?
A policy that gives special consideration, in jobs and college admissions, to members of groups that have been discriminated against in the past.
