Chapter 5 - Terms

Question 1

civil disobedience

Answer 1

A nonviolent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws.

Question 2

civil rights

Answer 2

Generally, all rights rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection under the law.

Question 3

de facto segregation

Answer 3

Racial segregation that occurs because of past social and economic conditions and residential racial patterns.

Question 4

de jure segregation

Answer 4

Racial segregation that occurs because of laws or administrative decisions by public agencies.

Question 5

feminism

Answer 5

The movement that supports political, economic, and social equality for women

Question 6

gender discrimination

Answer 6

Any practice, policy, or procedure that denies equality of treatment to an individual or to a group because of gender.

Question 7

Hispanic

Answer 7

Someone who can claim a heritage from a Spanish-speaking country. The term is used only in the United States or other countries that receive immigrants—Spanish-speaking persons living in Spanish-speaking countries normally do not apply the term to themselves.

Question 8

Latino

Answer 8

An alternative to the term Hispanic that is preferred by many. Latina is the feminine.

Question 9

literacy test

Answer 9

A test administered as a precondition for voting, often used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote.

Question 10

Majority

Answer 10

The age at which a person is entitled by law to the right to manage her or his own affairs.

Question 11

poll tax

Answer 11

A special tax that had to be paid as a qualification for voting. In 1964, the Twenty-fourth Amendment to the Constitution outlawed the poll tax in national elections, and in 1966 the Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in state elections as well.

Question 12

separate-but-equal doctrine

Answer 12

The doctrine holding that separate but-equal facilities do not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Question 13

sexual harassment

Answer 13

Unwanted physical or verbal conduct or abuse of a sexual nature that interferes with a recipient’s job performance, creates a hostile work environment, or carries with it an implicit or explicit threat of adverse employment consequences.

Question 14

Suffrage

Answer 14

The right to vote; the franchise

Question 15

white primary

Answer 15

A state primary election that restricted voting to whites only, outlawed by the Supreme Court in 1944.