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AP Biology > Chapter 5 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

How is so much diversity generated from a small number of monomeric ‘building blocks’ in specific classes of biological macromolecules?

A

Different types of monomers can combine in many configurations, causing a diverse group of macromolecules

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2
Q

What is the role of dehydration synthesis in forming polymers?

A

Dehydration synthesis puts two monomers together with an output of water.

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3
Q

What is the role of hydrolysis in breaking down polymers?

A

Hydrolysis breaks monomers apart with in input of water.

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4
Q

What is the monomer and polymer of Carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides and polysaccharides

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5
Q

How do you know when it is an alpha glucose vs a beta glucose?

A

The OH group on an alpha glucose is pointed down while the OH group on a beta glucose is pointed up.

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6
Q

When/where do glycosidic linkages form?

A

They form between monosaccharides after dehydration synthesis

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7
Q

What are the structural and functional characteristics of starch?

A

Alpha 1-4 glucose glycosidic linkages, stores energy (glucose) in plants

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8
Q

What are the structural and functional characteristics of Glycogen?

A

Alpha 1-4 and 1-6 glucose glycosidic linkages, stores energy (glucose) in animals stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells

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9
Q

What are the different types of starch and how do you differentiate them?

A

Amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is linear while amylopectin is branched (1-6 bonds glucose)

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10
Q

What are the structural and functional characteristics of Cellulose?

A

Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in plants with beta glucose. Cellulose does not branch.

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11
Q

What are the structural and functional characteristics of Chitin?

A

A structural polymer found in animals exoskeletons formed with beta 1-4 bonds

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12
Q

What property unifies Lipids a diverse group of molecules?

A
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13
Q

What are the functions of fats and oils?

A

Insulation of organs, cushioning/protection of organs, and long-term energy storage

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14
Q

What are the structural components of glycerol?

A

3 hydroxyl groups (alcohol), 3 carbons, 5 hydrogens

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15
Q

What are the structural components of a fatty acid?

A

A carboxyl group and a methyl group, a long hydrocarbon chain. Saturated is a straight chain, unsaturated has a kink because of a double bond.

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16
Q

What are the structural components of triglycerol?

A

AP Biology (3 decks)

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