Chapter 5: Salts and electrolysis Flashcards
What does reacting and acid and a metal produce?
Salt + Hydrogen
What does reacting and acid and an insoluble base produce?
Salt + Water
What does reacting and acid and an alkali produce?
Salt + Water
What is a base?
Any substance that can neutralize an acid (including alkalis) Lots of metal oxides and metal hydroxides are bases.
What is the difference between using an alkali and using an insoluble base to make a salt?
You can add an insoluble base to excess, as you can then filter it. Where as alkalis, which are also liquid cant be separated, so you use titration
When you are left with a salt/water solution, how do you get the crystals?
Evaporate the water off.
Hydrochloric acid produces what kind of salt?
Chlorides
Sulfuric acid produces what kind of salt?
Sulfates
Nitric acid produces what kind of salt?
Nitrates
How do you work out what salt is produced?
[Alkali/Base name] + [Acid name] e.g. [Magnesium] [Chloride]
What is a solid substance formed from two aqueous solutions called?
A precipitate
What two forms of salt can be produced?
Soluble and insoluble
What is the difference between symbols (l) and (aq)?
(l) means a liquid element, (aq) means a solid element dissolved in water.
What type of reaction is a neutralization reaction (in terms of energy?)
Exothermic - It gives out heat.
What makes acids acidic?
H+ Ions in the soluion.
