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Microbiology Exam 2 > Chapter 5 Review > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Are viral infections treated by antibiotics?

A

NO! Antibiotics are for bacterial infections.

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2
Q

How are viral infections treated?

A

1) Antiviral drugs
2) Interferon
3) Vaccines

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3
Q

A drug treatment of viral infections that blocks viral replication. It can have severe side effects.

A

Antiviral drugs

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4
Q

Antiviral drugs

A

Treatment of viral infections; Block viral replication; Can have severe side effects

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5
Q

A treatment of viral infections that naturally occurs in human cells & has some success.

A

Interferon

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6
Q

Interferon

A

A treatment of viral infections
Naturally occurs in human cells
Some success

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7
Q

A treatment of viral infections that is only available for a limited number of viral diseases & prevents viral infections.

A

Vaccines

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8
Q

Vaccines

A

A treatment of viral infections
Only available for a limited number of viral diseases
Prevent viral infections

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9
Q

What is a prion?

A

Infectious protein that causes spongiform (holes in brain) encephalopathies

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10
Q

What diseases are caused by prions?

A

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

Kuru

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11
Q

Infectious protein that causes spongiform (holes in brain) encephalopathies

A

Prion

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12
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease & Kuru are examples of diseases caused by ______?

A

Prions

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13
Q

What is a satellite virus?

A

A virus that is dependent on other viruses for replication

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14
Q

A virus that is dependent on other viruses for replication

A

Satellite virus

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15
Q

Do satellite viruses affect humans?

A

Yes:
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)
Delta Agent

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16
Q

Satellite virus: Adeno-associated virus (AAV)

A

Can only replicate in virally infected cells

No disease

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17
Q

Satellite virus: Delta agent

A

Naked circle of RNA
Expressed in HBV cells
Liver damage

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18
Q

Viroid?

A

Viruslike agents that parasitize plants

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19
Q

Viruslike agents that parasitize plants

A

Viroids

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20
Q

Do viroids affect humans?

A

No, just plants.

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21
Q

What are viroids composed of?

A

One-tenth the size of an average virus
Naked strands of RNA
No capsid
Hurt significant economically important plants: tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, citrus trees

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22
Q

Lassa fever

Acute viral hemorrhagic fever

A

ARENAviridae

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23
Q

Hantavirus (spread via rat excrements)

Respiratory infections

A

BUNYAviridae

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24
Q

Norovirus; Norwalk virus

Gastroenteritis

A

CALICIviridae

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25
Q

Upper respiratory infections
Coronavirus
SARS

A

CORONAviradae

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26
Q

Ebola

Marburg viruses

A

FILOviridae

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27
Q

Arboviruses *mosquitos

  • Yellow fever
  • Dengue fever
  • West Nile
A

FLAVIviridae

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28
Q

Segmented, enveloped
Enveloped spikes can agglutinate RBC’s
Influenza viruses (A. B & C)

A

ORTHOMYXOviridae

29
Q

Mumps

A

PARAMYXOviridae

30
Q 
Enterovirus 
- Polio & gastroenteritis
Rhinovirus
-Respiratory infections
Hepatitis A virus
A

PICORNAviridae

31
Q

Rabies virus

Neurological disease

A

RHABDOviridae

32
Q 
Respiratory, Enteric, Orphan
Measles
Rotavirus
-Gastroenteritis
Colorado tick fever
A

REOviridae

33
Q

Reverse transcriptase
HIV
Oncornavirus (HTLV)
-T cell leukemia

A

RETROviridae

34
Q

Equin encephalitis

St. Louis encephalitis

A

Togaviridae

35
Q

Lassa fever

A

ARENAviridae

36
Q

Respiratory infections *multiple RNA viruses

A

BUNYAviridae
CORONAviradae
PICORNAviridae
REOviridae

37
Q

Acute viral hemorrhagic fever

A

ARENAviridae

38
Q

Hantavirus

A

BUNYAviridae

39
Q

Norovirus; Norwalk virus

A

CALICIviridae

40
Q

Gastroenteritis *multiple RNA viruses

A

CALCIviridae
PICORNAviridae
REOviridae

41
Q

Coronavirus & SARS

A

CORONAviradae

42
Q

Ebola & Marburg viruses

A

FILOviridae

43
Q

Arboviruses *mosquitos
yellow fever
dengue fever
west nile

A

FLAVIviridae

44
Q

Segmented & enveloped

A

ORTHOMYXOviridae

45
Q

Envelope spikes can agglutinate RBC’s

A

ORTHOMYXOviridae

46
Q

Influenza viruses (A, B & C)

A

ORTHOMYXOviridae

47
Q

Mumps

A

PARAMYXOviridae

48
Q

Enterovirus

-Polio & Gastroenteritis

A

PICORNAviridae

49
Q

Hepatitis A virus

A

PICORNAviridae

50
Q

Rabies virus

Neurological disease

A

RHABDOviridae

51
Q

Respiratory, Enteric & Orphan

A

REOviridae

52
Q

Measles

A

REOviridae

53
Q

Colorado tick fever

A

REOviridae

54
Q

Reverse transcriptase

A

RETROviridae

55
Q

HIV

A

RETROviridae

56
Q

Oncornavirus (HTLV)

-T cell leukemia

A

RETROviridae

57
Q

Equine encephaltitis

A

TOGAviridae

58
Q

St. Louis encephalitis

A

TOGAviridae

59
Q

What best describes a virus?

A

Obligate intracellular parasites

60
Q

Which of the following is not a type of viral nucleic acid?

a) single-stranded DNA
b) double-stranded RNA
c) double-stranded DNA
d) segmented RNA
e) All of the types listed are found in viruses

A

E) ALL OF THE TYPES LISTED ARE FOUND IN VIRUSES

61
Q

Put the phases of the life cycle of animal viruses in the correct order:

a) assembly
b) penetration
c) release
d) absorption
e) synthesis
f) uncoating

A 
Absorption
Penetration
Uncoating
Synthesis
Assembly
Release
62
Q 
Which of the following is not an in vivo method of culturing animal viruses?
embryonated chicken eggs
guinea pics
dog kidney cell culture
while mice
all of the choices are in vivo methods
A

dog kidney cell culture

63
Q

Cruetzfeldt-Jakob disease and Bovine spongiform encephalopathy are caused by prions. Which of the following best describes a prion?

a) viral particle
b) naked DNA
c) infectious protein
d) small bacterium
e) naked RNA

A

c) infectious protein

64
Q

A virus with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

a) synthesizes DNA from an RNA template
b) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from an RNA template
c) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from a DNA template
d) transcribes mRNA from DNA

A

b) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from an RNA template

65
Q

Which of the following would be the first step in the biosynthesis of a virus with reverse transcriptase?

a) a complementary strand of RNA must be synthesized
b) Double-stranded RNA must be synthesized
c) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from an RNA template
d) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from a DNA template

A

c) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from an RNA template

66
Q

T/F: Antibiotics are an effective method for treating viral infections

A

FALSE

67
Q

T/F: CALCIviridae are DNA viruses.

A

FALSE

68
Q

T/F: ORTHOMYXOviridae are segmented RNA viruses.

A

TRUE

69
Q

T/F: Lysogeny can make a bacteria more pathogenic.

A

TRUE

Microbiology Exam 2 (2 decks)

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