Chapter 5: Principles of Bonding Flashcards
To connect or fasten. Items are jointed together at the surface in three main ways: by mechanical adhesion (physical interlocking), by chemical adhesion, or by a combination of the two
Bond or bonding
The act of sticking two things together. In dentistry the term is used frequently to describe the bonding or cementation process. Chemical adhesion occurs when atoms or molecules of dissimilar substances bond together.
Adhesion
Terms used interchangeably to describe the process of preparing the surface of a tooth or restoration for bonding. The most common material is phosphoric acid.
Etching or Conditioning
A low-viscosity resin applied as the first layer to penetrate etched surfaces to enhance bonding.
Primer
A reaction that links low molecular weight resin molecules (monomers) together into high molecular weight chains (polymers) that harden or set. The reaction can be initiated by strictly a chemical reaction (self-cure), by light in the blue wave spectrum (light-cure), by a combination of the two (dual-care), or by heat.
Cure or Polymerize
Ability of a liquid to wet or intimately contact a solid surface. Water beading on a waxed car is a bad example of this.
Wetting
Bonding to dentin that is kept moist after acid etching to facilitate penetration of bonding resins into etched dentin
Wet Dentin Bonding
A tenacious surface layer of debris resulting from cutting the tooth during cavity preparation. It is composed mostly of fine particles of cut tooth surface.
Smear Layer
A low-viscosity resin that penetrates porosities and irregularities in the surface of the tooth or restoration created by acid etching for the purpose of facilitating bonding.
Bonding Agent
An attribute that allows a material to tolerate the presence of moisture.
Hydrophilic
An attribute that does not allow a material to tolerate or perform well in the presence of moisture
Hydrophobic
A bonding system that includes etching of both enamel and dentin as a separate step from the application of bonding agents
Total-Etch Bonding System
A bonding system that does not use a separate etching procedure with phosphoric acid. The acid is contained in the resin primer and no rinsing is needed.
Self-Etch Bonding System
A resin-dentin layer formed by intermixing of the dentin bonding agent with collagen fibrils exposed by acid etching and the etched dentin surface. It serves as an excellent resin-rich layer onto which the restorative material, such as composite resin, can be bonded.
Hybrid Layer
A layer of unset resin on the surface of a polymerized resin that is prevented from curing by contact with oxygen in the air.
Oxygen-Inhibited Layer
Leakage of fluid and bacteria that occurs at the interface of the tooth and the restoration margins and is caused by microscopic gaps
Microleakage
Movement of fluid into and out of the microscopic gap of the restoration margin as a result of differences in expansion and contraction rates of the tooth and the restoration with temperature changes.
Percolation
Contact with a substance that interferes with bonding or lessens the chemical or mechanical properties.
Contamination
Theory that explains how pain is caused by movement of pulpal fluid in open (unsealed) dentinal tubules. Actions that cause a change in the pressure on the fluid within the dentinal tubules stimulate a pain response from nerve fibers in the odontoblastic processes that extend into the dentinal tubules from the pulp.
Hydrodynamic Theory of Tooth Sensitivity
