Chapter 5: Nomenclature Flashcards by Jordan Short

Q

What are the 5 parts of nomenclature?

A

Stereoisomerism
Substituents
Parent
Unsaturation
Functional Group

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Carboxylic Acid (-oic acid)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Ester (-oate)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Aldehyde (-al)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Ketone (-one)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amide 1

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amide 2

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Alcohol (-ol)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Ether

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Thiol

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Thioether

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amine 1(-amine)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amine 2

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amine 3

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amine 4

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Carboxylic anhydride

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Acyl chloride

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Cyanide (Nitrate)

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Q

Name the Functional Group

A

Amide 3

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Q

Priority of Functional Groups

A

carboxylic acid
ester
aldehyde
ketone
alcohol
amine

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Q

What is unsaturation?

A

presence of double or triple bonds

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Q

A

single bond

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Q

A

Cyclo - forms a ring of carbons

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Q

A

double bond

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Q

A

triple bond

Q

What is a Parent Chain?

A

A chain of carbons that become the root of the name of a molecule

Q

Hierarchy for a parent chain

A

needs to be as long as possible and include:
1. Functional group
2. Double bond
3. Triple bond

Q

Root for a parent chain with 1 carbon

A

meth

Q

Root for parent chain with 2 carbons

A

eth

Q

Root for a parent chain with 3 carbons

A

prop

Q

Root for a parent chain with 4 carbons

A

but

Q

Root for a parent chain with 5 carbons

A

pent

Q

Root for a parent chain with 6 carbons

A

hex

Q

Root for a parent chain with 7 carbons

A

hept

Q

Root for a parent chain with 8 carbons

A

oct

Q

Root for a parent chain with 9 carbons

A

non

Q

Root for a parent chain with 10 carbons

A

dec

Q

What is a substituent?

A

Everything else connected to the parent chain that is not the functional group

Q

A

Used to name carbon substituents

Q

A

normal chain of 3 carbons

Q

A

Q

A

normal chain of 4 carbons

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

normal chain of 5 carbons

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

Q

A

Q

Name of halogens as substituents

A

Fluoro, Chloro, Bromo, Iodo

Q

What is the name of -OH as a substituent?

A

-hydroxy-

Q

What is the name of NH2 as a substituent?

A

-amino-

Q

What is the name of a ketone as a substituent?

A

-keto-

Q

What is the name of an aldehyde as a substituent?

A

-aldo-

Q

What is stereoisomerism?

A

It identifies the configuration of double bonds or chiral centers

Q

A

atoms have to be the same

Q

A

atoms have to be the same

Q

A

used when atoms are different (atom with larger atomic number takes priority on each side of vertical line)

Q

A

used when atoms are different (atom with larger atomic number takes priority on each side of vertical line)