Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds

Question 1

Define a compound

Answer 1

Compound is a substance with two or more atoms chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 2

List the process used to form a compound

Answer 2

Elements are chemically combined to form a compound

Question 3

Explain the meaning of a chemical formula

Answer 3

A chemical formula is an expression that shows elements in a compound and their proportions

Question 4

Given a chemical formula, determine the identity of the elements present, the total number of atoms of each element present, and the total number of atoms present

Answer 4

Elements are written out and each number of atoms in the element is determined by the subscript and/or coefficient. The total number of atoms in a chemical formula is all the atoms added up.

Question 5

Remember the seven diatomic elements and their symbols.

Answer 5

Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Fluorine (F), Oxygen (O), Iodine (I), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (B)

Question 6

Distinguish between an empirical formula and a molecular formula

Answer 6

Empirical formula is the lowest whole number ratio in a compound. molecular formula is the actual number of elements in a compound.

Question 7

Remember ionic compounds are formed from a metal ion and a non-metal ion combined in a proportion that results in neutral charge for the compound.

Answer 7

Ionic compounds: formed from a metal and non-metal ion to create a compound

Question 8

Define formula unit

Answer 8

simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound

Question 9

Remember and use the naming guidelines to name all elemental cations. If a cation can form more than one ion, use Roman numerals with the name to name those ions

Question 10

Write chemical formula of any ionic compound given its name. Remember the ratio of the cation to the anion in the formula results in a neutral (no charge) compound.

Question 11

Remember molecules are formed from non-metal atoms. Molecules have covalent bonds.

Answer 11

covalent bonds are molecules that share an electronic pair

Question 12

Remember and use the prefixes associated with numbering the atoms in binary molecular
compounds

Answer 12

molecules are formed of two non-metal elements and share an electronic pair

Question 13

Define an acid.

Answer 13

a molecule or ion capable of either donation a proton or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair

Question 14

Distinguish between binary acids and oxyacids.

Answer 14

Binary acids consist of two elements, oxyacid contain oxygen

Question 15

Calculate the formula mass of any chemical compound given its formula.

Answer 15

add all the elements mass up