Chapter 5 (midterm)

Question 1

elders with university education

Answer 1

report good health

Question 2

older people report _______ chronic illnesses

Answer 2

more

Question 3

activities of daily living

Answer 3

activities performed daily, such as bathing, moving from a bed or chair, dressing, getting to and using the toilet, eating, and walking

Question 4

instrumental activities of daily living

Answer 4

home management activities such using the phone, cooking, shopping, managing finances and doing light house work

Question 5

Gene therapy

Answer 5

1) multiply the gene in a bacterial culture
2) use a benign virus to place the gene in host cell
3) allow gene to produce a needed protein

Question 6

__ of elders have at least one chronic illnesses

Answer 6

3/4

Question 7

Most hazardous daily activity for all ages is …

Answer 7

bathing, showering, and getting in and out of tub / shower.

Question 8

T or F: exercise slows the effect of the aging body

Answer 8

True

Question 9

hypokinesia

Answer 9

physical problems due to lack of movement

Question 10

Things to do to decrease chronic illnesses

Answer 10

1) cut down on salt in processed food and cutting dietary fat
2) encourage more physical activity
3) encourage a healthier diet of fruit & vegetables
4) stop smoking

Question 11

Eustress

Answer 11

good stress

Question 12

Distress

Answer 12

bad stress

Question 13

disability free life expectancy

Answer 13

the years of life remaining that are free of any disability

Question 14

dependence free life expectancy

Answer 14

the years of life remaining that a person will live in a state free of dependence on others for daily tasks

Question 15

Measures of the quality of life in old age

Answer 15

1) disability free life expectancy

2) dependence free life expectancy

Question 16

the compression of morbidity hypothesis

Answer 16

• James Fries

- the idea that severe chronic illness would occur for a short period of time near the end of life

Question 17

rectangularization

Answer 17

• (squaring of the survival curve)
• the change overtime in survival curves resulting in a right angle (square shape) leading researchers to conclude that a finite life span exists
• increased life expectancy for future cohorts of older people

Question 18

successful aging

Answer 18

• characterized by low chance of disease and disability, high mental and physical functioning and active engagement in social relations and productive activity
• doesn’t take into consideration how we cant control some diseases (genetic)

Question 19

selective optimization with compensation (SOC)

Answer 19

those who age successfully use the SOC method, they select activities that optimize their ability and when they can no longer engage in an activity, they compensate for losses by setting new priorites

Question 20

Blue Zone Cities

Answer 20

Okinawa, Sardinia, Loma Linda California

Question 21

T or F: Retirement is popular in Blue Zones

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Adventist’s routines

Answer 22

• weekly adventure walks are hard wired in

- expected to live longer

Question 23

Blue Zones eat more …

Answer 23

tofu and plant based diets, and don’t overeat

Question 24

Common denominators from blue zones

Answer 24

• move naturally
• right outlook
• eat wisely
• connect with each other

Question 25

Effects of aging on the musculoskeletal system

Answer 25

• falling is most common source of injury

- bones shrink, bone density decreases, muscle content decreases

Question 26

Effects of aging on the Sensory system

Answer 26

• eyesight, hearing, taste, smell
• glare, colour sensitivity, light dark contrast struggles, glaucoma less common, loss of hearing, loss of sense of smell and taste work together

Question 27

In 2016 __% of seniors stated their health was excellent or very good. While __% said their mental health was excellent or very good

Answer 27

45 , 61

Question 28

___ people over the age of 20 live with a chronic disease and __ are at risk

Answer 28

3/5, 4/5.

Question 29

Lifestyle changes

Answer 29

• smoking
• exercise
• diet
• stress reduction