Chapter 5 - Mendelian Laws And Chromosome Theory Help Explain Inheritance Patterns

Question 1

Inheritance patterns

Answer 1

The predictable patterns seen in the transmission of traits from one generation to the next

Question 2

True-breeding plant

Answer 2

A plant that when self-fertilized produces offspring identical in appearance to itself

Question 3

Chromosome theory of inheritance

Answer 3

A theory that states that genes are located at specific positions on chromosomes, and that the segregation and assortment of these chromosomes during meiosis is responsible for inheritance factors

Question 4

Recombination frequency

Answer 4

How often certain genes turn up together, used to map out how far apart they are on a chromosome

Question 5

The law of segregation

Answer 5

The two alleles for a trait separate during meiosis, and with fertilization each gamete donates one allele to make up the pair.

Question 6

The law of independent assortment

Answer 6

Alleles on homologous chromosomes move independently of each other (traits don’t always stay together).

Question 7

Sex linked inheritance

Answer 7

Occurs on sex chromosomes, disorders caused by these show up in males more often because the Y chromosome is shorter

Question 8

Linked inheritance

Answer 8

Genes are on the same chromosome, so if no crossover happens, they don’t separate

Question 9

Pleiotropy

Answer 9

Genes control multiple traits that aren’t always related