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Real Estate I > Chapter 5 - Land Descriptions > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Land Descriptions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three basic methods used to describe real estate

A
  1. Metes and Bounds
  2. Rectangular (or government) survey
  3. Lot and Block (recorded plot)
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2
Q

Do Sales contracts, deeds, mortgages and trust deeds require legally sufficient descriptions of the building to be bounding?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What are some facts about Metes and Bounds

A
  1. They’re the oldest type of legal description
  2. Means compass directions or angles
  3. Always starts at one place called the POB (Point of Beginning) which is also the end point
  4. Relies on physical features to determine the boundaries and measurements of a parcel
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4
Q

What is POB and what is it used for?

A

Point of Beginning used for Metes and Bounds that starts at the beginning and ends at the beginning

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5
Q

How are Metes and Bounds recorded?

A

to linear measurements, natural and artificial landmarks (called monuments) and directions

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6
Q

What are Monuments?

A

Natural/Artificial landmarks that are fixed objects used to identify the POB, all corners of the parcel or ends of boundary segments or the location of intersecting boundaries.

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7
Q

What is this an example of? Beginning at a point (POB) on the North side of Newberry Street 100.50 feet East from the corner formed by the intersection of the East boundary of Peter Road and the North boundary of Newbery Street; then East 90 degrees, 15 minutes, 3 seconds, 200.05 feet; then direct to the POB.

A

Metes and Bounds

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8
Q

Rectangular (Government) Survey System

A
  1. Established in 1785 to standardize description of land by newly formed federal government.
  2. System based on two sets of intersecting lines - principle meridians and base lines
  3. Principle Meridians runs North and South
  4. Base lines runs east and west
    Principle Meridians and Base Lines are located by reference to degrees of longitude and latitude
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9
Q

What are Principle Meridians and Base Lines?

What are they used for?

A
  1. Principle Meridians runs North and South
  2. Base lines runs east and west
  3. Principle Meridians and Base Lines are located by reference to degrees of longitude and latitude
  4. Used for the rectangular (government) survey system
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10
Q

Futher divisions of Rectangular Survey System

A
  1. Townships
  2. Ranges
  3. Sections
  4. Quarter Section Lines
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11
Q

Township Tiers

A

are lines running east and west parallel to the base line and six miles apart.

strips of land between township lines are called township tiers

Township tiers are designated by consecutive numbers north of south of the base line

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12
Q

What is this an example of?

The strip of land between 6 and 12 miles north of a base line is Township 2 North.

A

Rectangular Survey System

Township Tiers

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13
Q

Ranges

A

The land on either side of principle meridian is divided into six mile wide strips by lines north and south that are parallel to principle meridians.

The resulting land strips are called ranges

They are designated by consecutive numbers east or west of the principle meridian

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14
Q

What is this an example of?

The strip of land between 12 and 18 miles east of the principle meridian is Range 3 East

A

Rectangular Survey System

Ranges

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15
Q

Township Squares

A
  1. Are formed from intersections of township and range lines
  2. Are the basic units of the rectangular survey system
  3. Are 6 miles square and contain 36 square miles (23,040 acres)
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16
Q

What are the legal descriptions of Township Squares?

A

Each township is given a legal description that includes:

  1. Designation of the township tier in which the township is located.
  2. Designation of the range strip
  3. Name or number of the principal meridian for that area
17
Q

How many square feet in an acre? (state exam)

A

43,560 Square Feet

18
Q

What is this an example of?
Township 3 North, Range 4 East of the Principal Meridian.

The township is the third land strip north of the baseline, and is also located in the fourth range strip east of the principal meridian.

T3N, R4E Principal Meridian

A

Township Squares

19
Q

What does this tranlate to?

T3N, R4E Principal Meridian

A

Township 3 North, Range 4 East of the Principal Meridian.

20
Q

Sections Part 1 (divding township squares into 36 sections [1 square mile])

A

Township squares are subdivided into sections and subsections called halves and quarters that can be further divided.
Each township contains 36 sections that are 1 square mile or 640 acres.
Sections are numbered 1 through 36.
Section 1 is always the northeast corner section
Section 16 is set aside for school purposes and is called the “school section”.

21
Q

What is Section 1 for?

A

Section 1 is always the northeast corner section

22
Q

What is Section 16 for?

A

Section 16 is set aside for school purposes and is called the “school section”.

23
Q

Sections Part 2
Example:
The southeast quarter of a section which is a 160 acre tract is noted as SE1/4. The SE1/4 of SE1/4 of SE1/4 of section 1 is a ten acre tract.

A

Sections are divided into halves (320 acres) and quarters (160 acres).
Each of these halves and quarters is divided into halves and quarters

24
Q

Reading a Rectangular Survey

A

To read a rectangular survey legal description start at the end and read it backwards.
EXAMPLE:
The S1/2 of the NW1/4 of the SE1/4 of Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 6 West of the Fourth Principal Meridian.

So: Locate the Fourth Principal Meridian and its base line then count 6 strips west and 8 townships north. Find Section 11 and divide into quarters. Divide the SE1/4 into quarters and then divide the NW1/4 into halves. The S1/2 of the NW1/4 contains the property.

25
Q

How do you read this rectangular survey?

The S1/2 of the NW1/4 of the SE1/4 of Section 11, Township 8 North, Range 6 West of the Fourth Principal Meridian.

A

Locate the Fourth Principal Meridian and its base line then count 6 strips west and 8 townships north. Find Section 11 and divide into quarters. Divide the SE1/4 into quarters and then divide the NW1/4 into halves. The S1/2 of the NW1/4 contains the property.

26
Q

Lot and Block System

A
  1. Is also called the recorded plat(plot).
  2. System uses lot and block numbers referred to in a plat map recorded and filed in the public records of the county where the land is located.
  3. Lot and Block system often used for subdivisions.
  4. Subdivision plat is prepared by a LICENSED SURVEYOR or ENGINEER. Land is divided into numbered or lettered lots and blocks with streets and other public use areas noted
  5. When the subdivision plat is properly signed and approved, it is recorded in the county where the land is located.
27
Q

Working with Legal Descriptions

A
  1. Legal descriptions should always include the name of the county and state in which the land is located because meridians often relate to more than one state and/or base line
  2. Lengthy legal descriptions may be identified as an attachment to a contract.
  3. Real estate licensees are responsible for verifying legal descriptions with the title company and ensuring that the deed identifies the correct legal description prior to an at the closing.
28
Q

What are real estate licensees responsible for when it comes to legal descriptions?

A

Real estate licensees are responsible for verifying legal descriptions with the title company and ensuring that the deed identifies the correct legal description prior to an at the closing.

29
Q

What should legal descriptions always include?

A

Legal descriptions should always include the name of the county and state in which the land is located because meridians often relate to more than one state and/or base line

30
Q

What can lengthy legal descriptions be identified as?

A

Lengthy legal descriptions may be identified as an attachment to a contract.

31
Q

How many acres in a section?

A

640 acres

32
Q

How many feet in a mile?

A

5280 feet

Real Estate I (17 decks)

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