Chapter 5-Intro To Pathophysiology Flashcards
Pathophysiology
The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
Cell membrane
Out covering of the cell that protects and selectively allows water and other substances into and out of the cell
Cell nucleus
The control center of a cell
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that contains the body’s genetic code for reproduction
Metabolism
The diversion of glucose to energy
Electrolytes
Substances that when dissolved in water separate into charged particles
Aerobic metabolism
The cellular process by which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose and energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste products
Anaerobic metabolism
The cellular process by which glucose is metabolized without oxygen and energy is produced in an inefficient manner with many waste products
Dehydration
An abnormally low amount of water in the body
Edema
Swelling associated with the movement of water into the space surrounding the tissues
Patent
Open and clear, free from obstruction
Tidal volume
The volume of air moved in one breathing cycle, which consists of one inhalation and one exhalation
Dead air space
The space between the mouth and alveoli, which is occupied by air that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange
Stroke volume (SV)
The volume of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction
Cardiac output (CO)
The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute
