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SON 1100 Sonography of the Circulatory System > Chapter 5 Interdependent Body System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Interdependent Body System Flashcards

1
Q

Aorta

A

Main artery leaving the heart to supply the body structures with nutrient and oxygen-rich blood they require

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2
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

the bones of the skeleton that form the appendages; the framework for the arms and legs

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3
Q

Arteries

A

thick-walled blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart

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4
Q

Arterioles

A

tiny branches of arteries

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5
Q

Atria

A

two upper chambers of the four-chamber heart

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6
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

A

Transfers electrical impulses emitted by the sinoatrial node down to the ventricles to initiate their contraction

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7
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

the skull, spine, and ribs portion of the skeleton

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8
Q

Capillaries

A

thinnest and most numerous of blood vessels, providing a connection between arterioles and venules

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9
Q

Cardiac Ventricles

A

two inferior chambers of the four-chamber heart

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10
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

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11
Q

Corpus Luteum

A

Cystic glandular mass formed from an empty ovarian follicle after ovulation. Releases the hormones estrogen and progesterone

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

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13
Q

Diastole

A

Filling or relaxing phase of the heart

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14
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Hormone released by the kidneys when inadequate oxygen levels are detected in the blood; notifies the bone marrow to increase production red blood cells

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15
Q

Gametes

A

Sexual reproductive cells produced by the male and female gonads. Male spermatozoa and female ova whose union is necessary to produce new life.

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16
Q

Gonads

A

the male testes and female ovaries

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17
Q

Homeostasis

A

the equilibrium of the body’s normal physiological condition

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18
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical “messengers” that transfer instructions from one set of cells to another. Manufactured and secreted into the bloodstream by various endocrine glands throughout the body.

19
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

One of the two major veins transporting deoxygenated blood into the right atrium of the heart from structures of the body that lie below the level of the heart.

20
Q

Joints

A

Articulations. Where bones of the skeleton are joined to another.

21
Q

Ligaments

A

Long, elastic connection between the bones of freely movable joints.

22
Q

Lymph

A

Interstitial fluid consisting of digested fats, water, protein, white blood cells, and tissue waste.

23
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

Concentration of tissue containing white blood cells -primarily lymphocytes- that filter lymph of foreign material

24
Q

Lymphocytes

A

type of white blood cell whose main function is to protect the body from disease-causing microorganisms

25
Q

Metabolism

A

the chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain life

26
Q

Micturition

A

process by which the bladder expels urine through the urethra and discharges it from the body

27
Q

Myocardium

A

heart muscle

28
Q

Ovarian Follicle

A

Encasement of a mature ovum from an immature ovum (egg cell)

29
Q

Ovulation

A

discharge of a mature ovum from its ovarian follicle

30
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

Composed of all the nerves and nerve cells outside of the central nervous system

31
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wormlike motion that forces contents through the alimentary tract.

32
Q

Pleura

A

Double-walled sac surrounding the lungs

33
Q

Pulmonary Circulation

A

Transports blood from the heart to the lungs and back again

34
Q

Renin

A

Enzyme secreted by the kidneys to help control blood pressure

35
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

A

The heart’s natural pacemaker. Emits regular electrical impulses initiating contraction of the atria.

36
Q

Skeletal Muscle

A

The only voluntary muscle type in the body; one of three muscle types. Gives form and stability to the skeleton and enables it to move.

37
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

One of the two major veins transporting deoxygenated blood into the right atrium of the heart from structures of the body that lie above the level of the heart.

38
Q

Systemic Circulation

A

Transports blood from the heart to all parts of the body (except the lungs) and back again.

39
Q

Systole

A

Pumping or contracting phase of the heart

40
Q

Tendons

A

Bands of tough, fibrous, flexible tissue that connect muscles to bones.

41
Q

Urine

A

Filtered waste from the blood that passes through through the kidneys. Contains products such as ammonia, bilirubin, drugs, and toxins.

42
Q

Veins

A

Thin-walled vessels that transport oxygen-depleted blood to the heart.

43
Q

Venules

A

Tiny branches of veins.

SON 1100 Sonography of the Circulatory System (8 decks)

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