Chapter 5, Integumentary system

Question 1

Integument

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

What is the largest organ

Answer 2

Skin/Integument

Question 3

What are the two layers in the Integument

Answer 3

Epidermis and Dermis

Question 4

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 4

Not a part of the skin, under the dermis, made of adipose tissue

Question 5

Integument Functions

Answer 5

Protects, Prevents water loss, Temperature regulation, Sensory, Secretion of wastes

Question 6

Epidermis

Answer 6

At the top of the integument, avascular

Question 7

What are the Epidermis layers

Answer 7

In order- Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, and basale.

Question 8

Stratum basale

Answer 8

1 layer of cells, Keratinocytes- Protects and waterproof the skin. Melanocytes- Produce melanin . Tactile cells- sensitive to touch.

Question 9

Stratum spinosum

Answer 9

Several layers thick, Keratinocytes, Epidermal dendritic cells-helps fight infections.

Question 10

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 10

3-5 layers of Keratinocytes

Question 11

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 11

2-3 layers, thick skin, cells lack organelles

Question 12

Stratum corneum

Answer 12

20-30 layers, Dead Keratinocytes.

Question 13

Thin skin lacks what

Answer 13

The Stratum Lucidum

Question 14

Hemoglobin

Answer 14

The pigment of blood, red

Question 15

Melanin

Answer 15

Absorbs UV from the skin, turns skin brown/tan

Question 16

Carotene

Answer 16

Yellow-Orange pigment found in skin from food buildup

Question 17

Albinism

Answer 17

White hair, pale skin, pink iris. Lack of melanin

Question 18

Bronzing

Answer 18

Skin is bronze color. Glucocorticoid hormone deficiency

Question 19

Cyanosis

Answer 19

Blue skin from not enough oxygen regulation

Question 20

Erythema

Answer 20

Skin is red. Excercise or sunburn

Question 21

Hematoma

Answer 21

A bruise on the skin. From a blow to the skin

Question 22

Jaundice

Answer 22

Skin and sclera (white of eyes) look yellow. Elevated levels of bilirubin

Question 23

Pallor

Answer 23

Skin appears ashy and pale. Decreased blood flow to skin

Question 24

Nevus

Answer 24

A mole

Question 25

Hemangioma

Answer 25

Blood vessels that form due to tumor

Question 26

Friction ridges

Answer 26

Folds of epidermis and dermis of fingers, palms, soles, and toes

Question 27

Dermis

Answer 27

The lowest layer of the integument, made of areolar and dense irregular CT. Papillary and Reticular layer.

Question 28

Reticular layer

Answer 28

Bundles of collagen fibers, blood vessels glands, hair follicles, and nerves.

Question 29

Nerves in the integument-

Answer 29

Control blood flow, touch receptors, control the glandular secretion

Question 30

the blood supply in integument-

Answer 30

Controls body temperature

Question 31

Vasoconstriction

Answer 31

Narrows blood vessels diameter

Question 32

Vasodilation

Answer 32

Widens blood vessels diameter

Question 33

Subcutaneous Layer

Answer 33

Not part of the integument, protects underlying structures, stores energy, thermal insulation.

Question 34

Structures from the epidermis

Answer 34

Nails, hair, Exocrine glands of the skin

Question 35

Nail Matrix

Answer 35

Thickened growing part of the nail bed

Question 36

Lunula

Answer 36

The white part of the nail, caused by the thickening underlying part of the stratum basale.

Question 37

Hair follicle

Answer 37

Surrounds each hair

Question 38

Arector pili

Answer 38

Responds to cold temperatures, contracts making the hair stand up known as "goosebumps"

Question 39

Hair bulb

Answer 39

Swelling of epithelial cells where the hair originates

Question 40

Hair root

Answer 40

portion deep to the skin surface, the middle layer

Question 41

Hair Shaft

Answer 41

The visible end of the hair

Question 42

Functions of hair

Answer 42

Protection of the scalp, sensory reception, chemical signal

Question 43

Exocrine glands of the skin

Answer 43

Sweat and sebaceous glands

Question 44

Sweat glands

Answer 44

produce watery solution

Question 45

Sebaceous glands

Answer 45

Produce oily secretions

Question 46

Merocrine Sweat glands

Answer 46

Release secretions into a duct through a pore on the surface of the skin

Question 47

Apocrine Sweat glands

Answer 47

Secretes a cloudy odor into the armpits, groin, nipple, and anus.

Question 48

Sebaceous gland

Answer 48

Creates oily sebum in hair