Chapter 5 Infancy Through Middle Adulthood Flashcards
Growth is defined as
Physical changes that occur over time
Development is defined as
The process of adapting to one’s envronment over time
What is more important at a younger age, growth or development?
Growth
Growth follows what pattern?
Cephalocaudal (head down to feet)
Development follows what patern
Proximodistal pattern
How do simple skills develop?
Separately and independently
Complex skills are made up of what?
Multiple simple skills
Gestational period
- Begins at conception and culminates at birth
- Lasts about 40 weeks
- Maternal health directly impacts fetal well being
Health problems during gestation period (4)
- Teratogen exposure (drugs, alcohol)
- Maternal age
- Maternal health
- Maternal nutrition
Neonatal period (6)
- Birth to 28 days
- Establishment of respirations
- Indepedent circulation
- Thermoregulation
- Urine production
- Bowel function
Respiratory rate for neonatal period
30-50/min
HR for neonatal period
120-140 bpm
Infancy (5)
- 1 month through 1 year
- Period of rapid growth
- Learns by doing
- Development of trust
- Increased motor development
Health problems for neonatal period (7)
- Respiratory distress
- Birth injuries
- Congenital anomalies
- Infections
- Jaundice
- Fetal alcohol syndrome
- Substance addiction
What occurs during the infancy stage? (6)
- Growth
- Teeth
- Feeding
- Sleep
- Motor development
- Sensorimotor phase
Health problems for infancy (6)
- Crying
- Failure to thrive
- Dental caries
- Abuse and neglect
- Unintentional injury
- SIDS
When do assessments happen for the infant?
2, 4, 6, and 12 months
Todlerhood (4)
- 1-3 years
- Growth rate is slower
- Language devlopment
- Explores environment
Health problems for todler (4)
- Unintentional injury
- Infections
- Immunizations
- Toilet training
Preschool stage (5)
- Proportion of head to trunk closer
- Able to control bodily functions
- Able to communicate needs through language
- Seperate from parents
- Develops conscience
Health problems for preschooler age (5)
- Similar to toddler
- Communicable diseases
- Poisoning
- Enuresis
- Child abuse
Assessment for preschooler (7)
- Weight and vital signs
- Nutrition
- Sleep
- Vision
- Dental hygiene
- Safety
- School readiness
Preschooler interventions (5)
- Hand washing
- Oral care
- Nutrition
- Rest
- Safety
School age children (4)
- 6-12 years old
- Slimmer appearance with lower center of gravity
- Uses thought process to experience actions and events
- Able to develop relationships outside the home
School-age health problems (3)
- Obsity
- Asthma
- Injuries
Assessments School-Age
- Nutrition
- Allergies
- Visual acuity
- Dental hygine
- Sleep pattern
- Safety
- BMI
- Scoliosis screening
- Immunizations
School-age interventions (4)
- Safety
- Nutrition
- Violence
- Risky behavior
Adolesence (5)
- 12-18 years
- Puberty
- Ability to think abstractly
- Establishes own identity
- Makes decisions that affect future
Common health problems adolescence (6)
- Substance abuse
- Depresion
- Suicide
- Eating disorders
- Obesity
- Risky sexual behaviors
Interventions for adolescence (8)
- Obesity
- Pregnancy/STI
- Breast awareness
- Testicular sef-exam
- Immunizations
- Rest
- Nutrition
- Dental hygiene
Young adulthood
- 19-40 years old
- Healthiest stage of life
- Leaves home
- Independence
Health problems young adult
- STD
- Abuse/neglect
- Obesity
Middle adulthood
- 40-64 years old
- Menopause and andropause
- Balances aspirations with reality
- Needs of children diminish, needs of parents increase
Health problems middle adulthood
- Cancer
- Obesity
- DM
- HTN
- CVD
