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William's Obstetrics > Chapter 5 Implantation And Placenta Development > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Implantation And Placenta Development Flashcards

1
Q

It is the area of villi in contact with the decidua basalis.

A

Chorion frondosum

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2
Q

What is the average duration o a normal menstrual cycle?

A

25-32 days

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3
Q

Of 2 million oocytes in the human ovary present at birth, how many are present at the onset of puberty?

A

400,000 million

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4
Q

What days are characterized by predecidual cells, which surround the spiral arterioles?

A

Days 23 to 28

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5
Q

Mediates a unique fetal-maternal communication system, which creates a hormonal environment that initally maintains pregnancy and parturition.

A

Placenta

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6
Q

Remaining follicles are depleted at approximately what rate per month until age 35.

A

1000 follicles per month

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7
Q

How many follicles are released during normal female reproductive life?

A

400 follicles

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8
Q

What enzyme is present in the granulosa cells which converts androstenedione into estradiol?

A

P450 aromatase

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9
Q

What is a precursor of estradiol?

A

Androstenedione

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10
Q

Onset of gonadotropin surge occurs how many hours before an ovum is relased from the follicle?

A

34 to 36 hours

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11
Q

What is an important source of cholesterol for steroidogenesis?

A

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

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12
Q

What days during mid to late secretory phase does the stroma becomes edematous?

A

Days 21 to 24

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13
Q

LH secretion peaks how many hours before ovulation?

A

10 - 12 hours

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14
Q

Corpus Luteum develops from the dominant Graafian follicle remains in a process referred to as

A

Luteinization

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15
Q

Changes within the endometrium also can mark the window of implantation seen on days?

A

Days 22 and 25

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16
Q

What is the primary leutotropic factor responsible for corpus luteum maintenance?

A

Leutinizing Hormone (LH)

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17
Q

Ovarian progesterone peaks how many mg/day during midluteal phase?

A

25 to 50mg/day

18
Q

In the absence of pregnancy, how many days will the corpus luteum rapidly regress after ovulation via apoptotic cell death?

A

9 to 11 days

19
Q

Most biologically potent naturally occuring estrogen.

A

17B-estradiol

20
Q

The superficial endometrium that is shed of during menstruation

A

Functionalis layer

21
Q

What is an essential hormonal signal on which most events in the normal menstrual cycle depends?

A

Estrogen

22
Q

Progesterone enters cell by

A

Diffusion

23
Q

What is released after ovulation?

A

Corpus luteum

24
Q

A prostaglandin that appears to be luteolytic

A

Prostaglandin F2a(PGf2a)

25
Q

What day does the glandular cell mitosis ceases in response to rising progesterone levels?

A

Day 19

26
Q

On what days does the stromal cells surrounding the spiral arterioles begin to enlarge and stromal mitosis becomes apparent?

A

Days 22 to 25

27
Q

The deeper layer of the endometrium that regenerates after menstruation

A

Basalis layer

28
Q

What phase is the most important factor in endometrial recovery following menstruation?

A

Follicular-phase estradiol production

29
Q

By how many days of the endometrial cycle does the epithelial surface be restored?

A

5th day of menses

30
Q

These are luminal protrutions on the apical cell surface that is important in preparation for blastocyst implantantion.

A

Pinopodes

31
Q

What is the first sign of ovulation?

A

Subnuclear vacuoles and pseudostratification

32
Q

What day during post ovulatory phase does the vacuoles move to apical portion of nonciliated cells?

A

Day 18

33
Q

What is the name given to the phenomenon that describes how fetal cells can become engrafted in the mother during pregnancy and then be identified decades later?

A

Microchimerism

34
Q

End-diastolic bloodflow can be identified in the fetal umbilical artery by the end of which week of pregnancy?

A

10th week

35
Q

It is a failure of the intraabdominal portion of the umbilical vesicle to atrophy.

A

Meckel diverticulum

36
Q

Gives rise to the chorionic structures that transport oxygen and nutrients between fetus and mother

A

Villous trophoblast

37
Q

Remodeling of maternal spiral arteries by invading trophoblasts is completed by which week(s) of pregnancy?

A

12–16 weeks

38
Q

Maternal regulation o trophoblast invasion and vascular growth is mainly controlled by

A

Decidual natural killer (DNK) cells

39
Q

A zone of fibrinoid degeneration where the invading trophoblast and decidua meet.

A

Nitabuch layer

40
Q

At 5 days postfertilization, the blastocyst is released and hatched from which surrounding structure?

A

Zona pellucida

William's Obstetrics (5 decks)

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