Chapter 4 Maternal Physiology Flashcards
Most of the Uterine wall is formed by what layer?
Middle layer
Related to calcium metabolism, what occurs during pregnancy?
Total serum calcium levels decline.
Average blood loss associated with cesarean delivery of with two vaginal delivery of twins.
1000 ml
Braxton Hicks contractions are felt during what trimester?
Second trimester
Benign ovarian lesions results from exaggerated physiological follicle stimulation.
Hyperreactio luteinalis
Peptide hormone that plays a role in body fat and energy expenditure regulation.
Leptin
Iron requirement for a pregnant women.
1000 mg
Scattered through the areola are a number of small elevations of hypertrophic sebaceous glands.
Glands of Montgomery
Thoracic circumference increases about how many cm?
6cm
Pathologically extensive enlargment of the breast.
Gigantomastia
Average blood loss for a vaginal delivery.
500ml
What kind of epithelium makes up most of the visible portion of the cervix?
Columnar
It is the principal mineralocorticoid.
Aldosterone
Hemoglobin concentration below what level is considered abnormal?
11.0 g/dL
Attenuation of rectovaginal fascia results to?
Rectocele
Corpus luteum excision does not cause abortion even oopherectomy before how many weeks?
16weeks
Diaphragm rises about how many cm during pregnancy?
4cm
Proteinuria during pregnancy is defined as protein excretion at what rate?
300mg/day
Uterine of a pregnant term woman, weighs?
1100g
Blood pressure declines at what weeks?
6 - 7thweek
Minimum amount of extra water that the average woman accrues during normal pregnancy is approximately how many liters?
6.5 L
Uterus becomes and more globular and almost spherical by how many weeks of gestation?
12weeks gestation
Attentuation of fascial support between the vagina and bladder, can lead to prolapse of the bladder into the vagina.
Cystocele
A focal, highly vascular swelling of the gums during pregnancy?
Epulis gravidarum
Increase concentrations of all clotting factors except?
Factor XI and Factor XIII
Transverse diameter if the thoracic cage lengthens approximately how many cm?
2cm
Cardiac output in pregnancy increases as early as how many weeks?
5th week
Resting pulse rate increases at what weeks?
10 and 20 weeks
Irregular brownish patches of varying size appear on face and neck, called.
Chloasma or Melasma Gravidarum.
So called Mask of pregnancy
Peptide secreted principally by the stomach in response to hunger.
Ghrelin
Carbohydrate metabolism in normal pregnancy is characterized by:
Mild fasting hypoglycemia
Postprandial hyperglycemia
Hyperinsulinemia
Average weight gain during pregnancy is approximately how many kgs?
12.5 kg
What happens to the insulin and glucose levels during pregnancy?
Hyperinsulinemia
At what gestational age does the uterus become too large to lie totally within the pelvis?
12 weeks
Approximately what is the uteroplacental blood flow at term?
450mL-650mL, 550mL
Surgical removal of corpus luteum of pregnancy consistently results in spontaneous abortion if performed prior to what gestational age?
7weeks
Total protein increase during pregnancy?
500g
What happens to the total maternal serum level of calcium and magnessium during pregnancy?
Decrease
What is the pigmentation in the midline, anterior abdominal skin during pregnancy?
Linea nigra
Biological target of relaxin in assisting accommodation in pregnancy?
Reproductive tract
Average increase in erythrocytes during pregnancy?
450 ml
Pruritius gravidarum is caused by increase in levels of what?
Bile acids
What compensated acid base state exist during normal pregnancy?
Respiratory alkalosis
In which position is cardiac output mostly increased during pregnancy?
Left lateral recumbent
Fibrinogen concentration increases by how many percent during pregnancy?
50%
Avreage daily iron requirements during second half of pregnancy?
6 to 7 mg/day
