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William's Obstetrics > Chapter 4 Maternal Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Maternal Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Most of the Uterine wall is formed by what layer?

A

Middle layer

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2
Q

Related to calcium metabolism, what occurs during pregnancy?

A

Total serum calcium levels decline.

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3
Q

Average blood loss associated with cesarean delivery of with two vaginal delivery of twins.

A

1000 ml

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6
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions are felt during what trimester?

A

Second trimester

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7
Q

Benign ovarian lesions results from exaggerated physiological follicle stimulation.

A

Hyperreactio luteinalis

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8
Q

Peptide hormone that plays a role in body fat and energy expenditure regulation.

A

Leptin

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9
Q

Iron requirement for a pregnant women.

A

1000 mg

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10
Q

Scattered through the areola are a number of small elevations of hypertrophic sebaceous glands.

A

Glands of Montgomery

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12
Q

Thoracic circumference increases about how many cm?

A

6cm

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14
Q

Pathologically extensive enlargment of the breast.

A

Gigantomastia

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15
Q

Average blood loss for a vaginal delivery.

A

500ml

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16
Q

What kind of epithelium makes up most of the visible portion of the cervix?

A

Columnar

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17
Q

It is the principal mineralocorticoid.

A

Aldosterone

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18
Q

Hemoglobin concentration below what level is considered abnormal?

A

11.0 g/dL

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19
Q

Attenuation of rectovaginal fascia results to?

A

Rectocele

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21
Q

Corpus luteum excision does not cause abortion even oopherectomy before how many weeks?

A

16weeks

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22
Q

Diaphragm rises about how many cm during pregnancy?

A

4cm

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23
Q

Proteinuria during pregnancy is defined as protein excretion at what rate?

A

300mg/day

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24
Q

Uterine of a pregnant term woman, weighs?

A

1100g

25
Q

Blood pressure declines at what weeks?

A

6 - 7thweek

27
Q

Minimum amount of extra water that the average woman accrues during normal pregnancy is approximately how many liters?

A

6.5 L

29
Q

Uterus becomes and more globular and almost spherical by how many weeks of gestation?

A

12weeks gestation

31
Q

Attentuation of fascial support between the vagina and bladder, can lead to prolapse of the bladder into the vagina.

A

Cystocele

32
Q

A focal, highly vascular swelling of the gums during pregnancy?

A

Epulis gravidarum

33
Q

Increase concentrations of all clotting factors except?

A

Factor XI and Factor XIII

34
Q

Transverse diameter if the thoracic cage lengthens approximately how many cm?

A

2cm

35
Q

Cardiac output in pregnancy increases as early as how many weeks?

A

5th week

36
Q

Resting pulse rate increases at what weeks?

A

10 and 20 weeks

38
Q

Irregular brownish patches of varying size appear on face and neck, called.

A

Chloasma or Melasma Gravidarum.

So called Mask of pregnancy

39
Q

Peptide secreted principally by the stomach in response to hunger.

A

Ghrelin

40
Q

Carbohydrate metabolism in normal pregnancy is characterized by:

A

Mild fasting hypoglycemia
Postprandial hyperglycemia
Hyperinsulinemia

41
Q

Average weight gain during pregnancy is approximately how many kgs?

A

12.5 kg

42
Q

What happens to the insulin and glucose levels during pregnancy?

A

Hyperinsulinemia

43
Q

At what gestational age does the uterus become too large to lie totally within the pelvis?

A

12 weeks

44
Q

Approximately what is the uteroplacental blood flow at term?

A

450mL-650mL, 550mL

45
Q

Surgical removal of corpus luteum of pregnancy consistently results in spontaneous abortion if performed prior to what gestational age?

A

7weeks

46
Q

Total protein increase during pregnancy?

A

500g

47
Q

What happens to the total maternal serum level of calcium and magnessium during pregnancy?

A

Decrease

48
Q

What is the pigmentation in the midline, anterior abdominal skin during pregnancy?

A

Linea nigra

49
Q

Biological target of relaxin in assisting accommodation in pregnancy?

A

Reproductive tract

50
Q

Average increase in erythrocytes during pregnancy?

A

450 ml

51
Q

Pruritius gravidarum is caused by increase in levels of what?

A

Bile acids

52
Q

What compensated acid base state exist during normal pregnancy?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

53
Q

In which position is cardiac output mostly increased during pregnancy?

A

Left lateral recumbent

54
Q

Fibrinogen concentration increases by how many percent during pregnancy?

A

50%

55
Q

Avreage daily iron requirements during second half of pregnancy?

A

6 to 7 mg/day

William's Obstetrics (5 decks)

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