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EMR > Chapter 5 - Human Body > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Human Body Flashcards

0
Q

Epiglottis

A

Tiny flapper valve that keeps food from entering the larynx

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1
Q

Respiratory System

A 
Nose (nasopharynx)
Mouth (oropharynx)
Throat
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea (windpipe)
Epiglottis
Passages in the lungs (bronchi and bronchioles)
Alveoli
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2
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs surrounded by capillaries

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3
Q

The 2 upper chambers of the heart

A

Atriums

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4
Q

The two lower chambers of the heart

A

Ventricles

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5
Q

Atrium which receives blood from the veins

A

Right atrium

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6
Q

Atrium which receives blood from the lungs

A

Left atrium

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7
Q

Ventricle that pumps blood to the lungs

A

Right ventricle

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8
Q

Ventricle that pumps blood to the body (also the most muscular chamber)

A

Left ventricle

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9
Q

The three major arteries, used to check pulse

A

Neck (carotid)
Groin (femoral)
Wrist (radial)

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10
Q

The three functions of the skeletal system

A

Support the body
Protect vital structures
Manufacture red blood cells

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11
Q

The five sections of the spine

A 
Cervical spine (neck)
Thoracic spine (upper back)
Lumbar spine (lower back)
Sacrum (base of the spine)
Coccyx (tailbone)
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12
Q

Components of the upper extremities

A

Upper arm - humerus
Forearm - ulna (medial) and radius (lateral)
Wrist and hand

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13
Q

Shoulder girdles

A

Proximal portion of the upper extremity; each is made up of the clavicle, the scapula, and the humerus

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14
Q

Components of the rib cage

A

Sternum
Twelve sets of ribs that protect the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen

The upper five sets connect directly to the sternum
The sixth-tenth sets connect to each other with cartilage, and then the sternum
The eleventh and twelfth sets are floating ribs

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15
Q

Function of the pelvis

A

Serves as the link between the body and the lower extremities

Also protects the reproductive organs

16
Q

Pointed structure at the bottom of the sternum

A

Xiphoid process

17
Q

Components of the lower Extremities

A

Thigh - thighbone (femur)
Leg - tibia (medial), fibula (lateral)
Kneecap (patella)
Ankle and foot

18
Q

The three types of muscles

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

19
Q

Functions of the three types of muscle

A

Skeletal - cause body movement (voluntary)

Smooth - carry out many of the automatic functions (involuntary)

Cardiac - only found in the heart

NOTE: the diaphragm is part of the “involuntary” system even though we can control it at times

20
Q

The three functions of skin

A

Protects agains harmful substances
Regulates body temperature
Transmits information from the outside environment to the brain

21
Q

Typical adult vitals

A

Pulse: 60-100 BPM
Respirations: 12-20 breaths/min
Blood Pressure: 90-140 systolic

22
Q

Factors that increase vitals

A 
Exercise
Fever
Illness
Pain
Stress
Excess body weight
23
Q

Factors that decrease vitals

A

Athletic conditioning

BP medications

EMR (3 decks)

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