chapter 5 - four modern approaches to psychology

Question 1

behavioural approach

Answer 1

humans learn as a result of their environment

Question 2

classical conditioning

Answer 2

a learning process where an animal or organism can learn to show a natural reflex action in response to a stimulus that does nor usually elicit that response

Question 3

operant conditioning

Answer 3

an active learning process where an animal’s voluntary response is controlled by its consequences
eg. behaviours with pleasant response are likely to be repeated

Question 4

cognitive approach

Answer 4

understanding the workings of the mind, investigate thinking processes such as perception

Question 5

concept

Answer 5

a unit of info made up of items with similar properties

eg. girlfriend is female

Question 6

sociocultural approach

Answer 6

researches the relationship between psychological-mental processes and behaviour

Question 7

biological approach

Answer 7

explains a person’s functioning in terms of bodily structures, biochemical processes and genetics

• galvanic skin response GSR
• electroencephalogram
• magnetic resonance imaging MRI
• CAR scans
• positron emission tomography PET
• functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI