Chapter 5 - Fire Pumps Flashcards
The most common type of fire pump is the _____________ type.
centrifugal
p 112
The ________________ _______-________ centrifugal pump is the most common of the split case types and is acceptable for use where water can be supplied to the pump under some pressure.
horizontal split case
p 113
A pump that needs ____________ is unacceptable where automatic pump operation is required.
priming
p 113
In the horizontal split case pump, the water pressure is increased due to the operation of a ________ inside the pump casing.
rotor
p 113
A _________-_______ pump is one with a single impeller.
single-stage
p 114
____________-________ pumps have the ability to deliver higher pressures and are commonly used to supply water to standpipes in high rise buildings.
Multiple stage
p 114
While 25 gpm fire pumps exist, it is rare to encounter pumps rated at less than _______ gpm.
500
p 114
There is no standard pressure rating for single stage horizontal split case pumps and they may be purchased with pressure ratings varying from _____ psi to ______ psi.
40 / 290
p 115
No standard fire pump is permitted to have a pressure rating less than ____ psi.
40
p 115
- Centrifugal pump similar to the horizontal split case, except that the shaft is oriented vertically and the driver is mounted on top of the pump.
Vertically mounted split case pump
p 115
This type of pump is still used where the water supply is from a nonpressurized source including wells, ponds, rivers and underground storage tanks ?
Vertical shaft turbine pumps
p 115
Vertical shaft pumps never require __________ because the rotating turbines are positioned down inside the water source.
priming
p 115
Vertical shaft turbine pumps
The number of ____________ is determined by the desired pressure rating - the more _____________ there are, the greater the pressure that will be developed.
impellers / impellers
p 115-116
These pumps are single stage pumps that have centerline suction and discharges. These pumps have pressure ratings from ____ to ____ psi, along with flow ranges of ____ to _____ gpm ?
End suction pumps / 40 to 150 / 50 to 750
p 117
This pump is a single stage pump designed to fit into the intake/discharge line with the driver located above the inline impeller. These pumps have a capacity up to _______ gpm and operating pressures up to _____ psi.
Vertical inline pumps / 1500 / 165
p 117
- Engine or motor used to turn a pump.
Driver
p 117
There are three types of drivers that are presently acceptable for use with fire pumps: ?
electric motors, Diesel engines, and steam turbines
p 117
The pump driver must have enough power to turn the pump at rated speed under all required load conditions, which include pumping at _______ and pumping at _____ percent of rated capacity.
churn / 150
p 117
A pump is said to be operating at ________ or ___________ when it is running but all discharges are closed.
churn / shutoff
p 117
Electric motors
For a 1000 gpm pump rated at 100 psi, a motor of about _____ hp would be needed.
80
p 118
A substantial advantage of the electric motor is the relatively small amount of _______________ required.
maintenance
p 118
Electric pumps should be turned on _________ and permitted to run for at least ____ minutes to ensure they are operating properly.
weekly / 10
p 119
Electric motors
Wiring installations providing power for the electric motors and controllers are required to comply with the provisions of NFPA ?
NFPA 70 National Electric Code
p 119
Although Diesel engines are usually more expensive than electric drivers, they may be a better choice because they do not rely on _________ ________.
external power
p 119
Diesel engines are currently the only kind of internal combustion engine considered acceptable for ?
fire protection applications
p 119
Engine power
The engine is required to have an adjustable ____________ to maintain engine speed within a _____ percent range.
governor / 10
p 119
If the engine speed exceeds ____ percent of the rated engine speed, the governor will shut down the pump.
20 percent
Several instruments must be placed on a panel that is securely fastened to the engine at an accessible location. These include the following:
- ______________ - Indicates the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the engine
- _____ ____________ ______ - Indicates the pressure of the lubricating oil
- ________ _____________ ________ - Indicates the temperature of the water in the engine
- Tachometer
- Oil pressure gauge
- Water temperature gauge
p 120
_____________ are the most common means of starting Diesel engines for fire pumps.
Batteries
p 120
If batteries are used, there must be two means provided for _____________ them.
recharging
p 120
If a Diesel engine is located in an environment that is subjected to flammable vapors, starting the engine through ordinary electric starting means could create a fire or explosion hazard. For this reason, _____________ and _____________ starting is available.
pneumatic and hydraulic
p 120
Diesel engines are ________-cooled and make use of a _______-_________ type cooling system.
water / closed-circuit
p 120
The _______ _____________ works by taking water from the discharge side of the pump to cool the water in the engine.
heat exchanger
p 120
Although not common some fire pumps are driven by ________.
steam
p 121
NFPA _____ lists steam turbines as an acceptable type of pump driver.
20
p 121
________ __________ are the control panels used to switch the pumps on and off and control their operation.
pump controller
p 122
The controller should be located inside the ______ room and as close to the _______ as possible.
pump / pump
p 122
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
Is should be protected from _________ discharge and all current carrying parts of the controller should be at least ____ inches off the floor.
water / 12
p 122
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- Circuit breaker - It should allow at least _____ percent of the rated full load current without tripping and also permit normal starting of the motor without tripping.
114
p 122
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- __________ _________ - This is located between the power supply and the circuit breaker.
- Isolation switch
p 123
The isolation switch lever is always located ?
outside the control panel
p 123
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- _______ _______ - The purpose of this is to indicate when power is available to the pump control panel.
- __________ ________ and _______ button - These are standard controller components and are located on the outside of the controller enclosures.
- Pilot lamp
- Manual start and stop button
p 123
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- _____________ ________ lever - This switch can be latched in the operating position and provides for continuous nonautomatic operation.
- Emergency start lever
p 123
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- ___________ _________ timer - This is used to shut off the motor after the situation has returned to normal. The timer should be set for at least ____ minutes.
- Running period timer / 10
p 123
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
- ___________ ________ - This is the most commonly used method for automatically turning on a fire pump. It is set to close the circuitry and turn on the fire pump when water ___________ on the system drops below the switch setting.
- Pressure switch / pressure
p 123
Consistent pressure fluctuations may require the use of a ______________-_____________ pump, sometimes referred to as a _________ pump, to prevent false pump starts.
pressure-maintenance / jockey
p 123
Controllers for electric motor driven pumps
It should be noted that if the pump is the sole source of water supply to the fire protection equipment, the pump should be set for _____________ start and ___________ shutdown.
automatic / manual
p 123
If the pump installation is the only source of water supply pressure for a sprinkler system or standpipe system, the automatic start controller must be wired for __________ shutdown. This is done to ensure the pump will be turned off only after a _______ _______________ is over.
manual / fire emergency
p 124
The controllers for Diesel engines are not _______________ with the controller for electric motors.
interchangeable
p 124
Electric motor controllers are designed to start the pumps by closing _______ ___________ circuits. For diesel controllers, the main function is to close the circuit between the __________ ____________ and the _________ _________ motor.
high voltage / storage batteries / engine starter
p 124
Diesel engine controllers
Two important features to note are the ________ and _________ devices located on the controller itself.
alarm and signal
p 124
Diesel engine controllers
The controller may also be equipped with a _________-____________ device. The recorder is usually required to run continuously for at least ___ days without resetting or rewinding.
pressure-recording / 7 days
p 124
Diesel pump controllers
If the pump installation is the sole supply to standpipes or sprinkler systems, the automatic start controller should be wired for __________ shutdown.
manual
p 124-125
Diesel engine controllers
In addition, the automatic controller usually must be arranged to automatically start the engine every _______ to ensure reliability in engine starting. If the controller is designed to automatically shut down the engine when system condition return to normal, it should provide running time of at least ____ minutes before shutting the engine off. However, if the _____________ governor operates, the controller will shut off the engine without a time delay.
week / 30 / overspeed
p 125
Steam turbines are equipped with a _______ ___________ that will maintain the rated speed for maximum pump load.
speed governor
p 125
Steam turbine controllers
There will also be an independent emergency governing device. This emergency device will be configured to shut off the steam supply to the turbine at ____ percent higher than the rated pump speed.
20 percent
p 125
Steam turbine controllers
The speed governor should be able to adjust the speed of the pump so that it is operating at approximately ___ percent above to ____ percent below the rated speed of the pump when it is running at its rated pump load.
5 / 5
p 125
All underground piping that supplies a fire pump must be installed and tested in accordance with NFPA ?
24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances.
p 125
Piping and fittings
The above ground pipe must be constructed of _______.
steel
p 125
Piping and fittings
Suction piping must also be installed and tested in accordance with NFPA _____.
24
p 125
An __________ reducer is used in the suction line to eliminate the possibility of air pockets.
eccentric
p 126-127
According to NFPA ____, no device should be installed that will restrict water flow on the ________ side with a horizontal split-case pump, including ____________ prevention devices. These devices must be located on the ____________ side of the pump.
20 / suction / back flow / discharge
p 126
____________ ________ valves are included in the installation to prevent pressures from reaching levels that would damage piping or fittings.
Pressure relief
p 126
A small relief valve, called a _____________ relief valve, may be present on electrically driven pump installations.
circulation
p 126
Every pump is required to have the necessary components for __________ the installation. The most prominent of these components is the ______ __________.
testing / test manifold
p 127
It is often possible to estimate the rating of the pump by counting the _______ _____________. There is usually one _____ inch hose connection for each ______ gpm of pump rating.
hose connections / 2 1/2 / 250
p 128
___________ devices measure the gallons per minute delivered by the pump.
Metering
p 128
- A pump used to maintain pressure on a fire protection system in order to prevent false starts at the fire pump.
Pressure maintenance pump
p 128
__________ gauges must be able to register both positive and negative pressures.
Suction
p 130
__________ __________ gauges can be used in applications where there is significant vibrations.
Liquid filled
p 130
The _______, ________, and ____________ of a fire pump are required to be protected against possible interruption of service caused by damage due to explosion, fire, flood, earthquake, windstorms, freezing, vandalism or other adverse conditions.
pump, driver and controller
p 130
Fire pump units located outdoors or in buildings other than the building being protected must be located at least _____ feet away from the protected building.
50 feet
p 130
Indoor fire pump units must be separated from all other areas of the building by ?
fire-rated construction
p 130
The fire pump room must be provided with heating equipment capable of maintaining a minimum of _____*F.
40
p 130
The pump room must be provided with proper ____________. ______________ lighting must be provided in the fire pump location along with _____________ lighting.
ventilation / artificial / emergency
p 130
Horizontal split case pump
With this type of pump, the indicating control valves on the supply side of the fire pump and pressure maintenance pump must be ________ type.
OSY
p 130-131
Component arrangement
Multiple control valves allow for individual components to be ___________ in the system should repairs or replacement be necessary without having to ?
isolated / shut off the pump installation
p 131
- Automatic valve that permits liquid flow in only one direction.
Check valve
p 131
The primary performance criteria for standard fire pumps are contained in NFPA ?
NFPA 20
p 132
NFPA 20
Three test points
- The pump must not develop more than ______ percent of its rated pressure when operating against a closed system or at churn. However, it should be noted that all horizontal pumps manufactured before 1987 were required not to exceed ______ percent of the rated pressure at churn.
140 / 120
p 133
NFPA 20
Three test points
- The pump must operate at minimum of ______ percent of its rated capacity at ______ percent of its rated pressure.
100 / 100
p 133
NFPA 20
Three test points
- The pump must operate at _____ percent of its rated pressure while delivering _____ percent of the rated volume in gpm or the predetermined maximum volume.
65 / 150
p 134
Inspection and maintenance of fire pumps:
Model codes require that pumps be operated at least ________.
weekly
p 134
Inspection and maintenance of fire pumps:
It is not necessary to actually __________ ________ during the weekly startup.
discharge water
p 134
Inspection and maintenance of fire pumps:
A Diesel engine shall be operated for at least _____ minutes, while an electric motor shall be operated for ____ minutes.
30 / 10
p 134
Why are electric motor driven pumps often neglected ?
partly due to their simplicity and to the fact that very little maintenance is required
p 134
Diesel engines require more _______ and _____________ than do electric motors.
care and maintenance
p 134
Inspections and maintenance of fire pumps:
Manufactures instructions should be followed regarding oil changes and the interval between changes should never exceed ?
1 year
p 134
Inspection and maintenance of fire pumps:
The temperature in pump rooms should be maintained at _____*F.
70
p 134
NFPA ____ requires that an annual flow test of the pump assembly be performed to determine its ability to continue to attain satisfactory performance at __________, _______ _______ and ______ ________.
NFPA 25 / shutoff, rated flow and peak loads
p 134
Inspection and maintenance of fire pumps:
If no maintenance program is available from the manufacturer, a program that adheres to the requirements as outlined in NFPA _____ should be adopted.
NFPA 25
p 134
During weekly inspections, it is also important to make sure that the pump room is kept _______, ______, and free of ____________ ___________.
clean / dry / combustible materials
p 135
