Chapter 5- Electrons and bonding Flashcards
What are shells made up of?
Orbitals
What shape is an s orbital?
Sphere
How many electrons can an orbital hold?
2
How many electrons can an s orbital hold?
2
How many electrons can an p orbital hold?
2
How many electrons can an p shell hold?
6
How many electrons can an d orbital hold?
2
How many electrons can an d shell hold?
10
Write the order the electrons fill the shells, ending with 4f.
1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,4d,5s,4f
What Is the electron configuration of Sulfur?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
Write the shorthand electron configuration of Calcium.
[Ar] 4s2
What Is the electron configuration of an Oxygen ion?
1s2 2s2 2p6
Write the shorthand electron configuration of an Oxygen ion.
Ne
Define Ionic bonding
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.
Name one polyatomic ion with a negative charge and one polyatomic ion with a positive charge
NO3-,OH-, SO4 2-,
NH4+
What name is given to the structure of all ionic compounds
Giant Ionic Lattice
Why do ionic compounds have high meting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions which require a lot of energy to break therefore a high temperature is needed, so they have a high meting point and boiling point
Why do ionic compounds only conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water?
When solid, the ions cannot move, so cannot pass a charge through the.
When molten or dissolved in water, the ions can move to pass the charge through the solution, so it does conduct electricity.
Define covalent bonding.
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of bonded atoms.
What are lone pairs?
Paired electrons that are not shared
Why can sulfur form SF2, SF4 and SF6?
Different arrangement of electrons in shells
What is a dative or coordinate bond?
A covalent bond in which the shared pair of electrons has been supplied by one of the bonding atoms only.
Name an ion which contain a dative bond
NH4+
