Chapter 5:Chemical Bonding:Chemical Formulas Flashcards
Dipole-dipole Forces
are forces of attraction between the negative pole of one polar molecule and the positive pole of another polar molecule
Hydrogen Bonds
Are particular typs of dipole-dipole attractions between molecules in which hydrogen atoms are bonded to nitrogen,oxygen or fluorine.The hydrogen atom carries a partial positive charge and is attracted to the electronegative atom in another molecule.Thus,the hydrogen bond acts as a bridge between two electronegative atoms in separate molecules
Compound
Is a substance that is made up of two or more different elements combined together chemically
Ionic Bond
between oppositely charged ions in a compond.Ionic bonds are always formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another
Transition Metal
Is one that forms at least one ion with a partially filled a sublevel
Molecule
Is a group of atoms joined together.It is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently
Sigma Bond
Is formed by the head on overlap of two orbitals
Pi Bond
Is formed by the sideways overlap of p ortibals
Octet Rule
When bonding occurs,atoms tend to reach an electron arrangment with eight electrons in the outermost energy level
Valency
Of an element is defined as the number of atoms of hydrogen or any other monovalent element with which each atom of the element combines
Double Bonds
Is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms
Crystal Lattice
three-dimensional arrangement of ions
Single Bond
Is formed when one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
Electronegativity
Is the relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Polar Covalent Bond
Is a bond in which there is unequal sharing of the pair(s) of electrons.This causes one end of the bond to be slightly positive(S+) and the other end slightly negative(S-)