Chapter 5:Chemical Bonding: Chemical Formulas(Definitions) Flashcards
Define a compound (1)
-a substance that is made up of two or more different elements combined together chemically
Define the Octet Rule(2)
- when bonding occurs,
- atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with eight electrons in the outermost energy level
Define ions(1)
-an ion is a charged atom or group of atoms
Define an ionic bond (2)
- the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound
- ionic bonds are always formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another
Define a transition metal(1)
-is a metal that forms at least one ion with a partially filled d sublevel
Define a molecule(2)
- a group of atoms joined together
- it is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently
Define valency(2)
- the number of atoms of hydrogen or any other monovalent element
- with which each atom of the element combines
How is a sigma bond formed(1)
- a sigma bond is formed by the head on overlap of two orbitals
how is a pi bond formed (1)
-a pi bond is formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals
Define electronegativity(3)
- the relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has
- for the shared pair of electrons
- in a covalent bond
Define a polar covalent bond (3)
- a bond in which there is unequal sharing of the pair(or pairs) of electrons
- this causes one end of the bond to be slightly positive
- and the other end slightly negative
What electronegativity difference indicates ionic bonding in a compound(1)
-an electronegativity difference greater than 1.7
What electronegativity difference indicates covalent bonding in a compound (1)
-an electronegativity difference less than or equal to 1.7
What electronegativity difference indicates that a covalent bond is polar covalent (2)
- an electronegativity difference greater than 0.4
- and less than 1.7
What electronegativity difference indicates that a covalent bond is non polar
-an electronegativity difference that is less than or equal to 0.4