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school lol > Chapter 5 Bio 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Bio 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Science of classification according to inferred relationships among organisms

A

Taxonomy

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2
Q

A method of naming organisms by using the genus and species name

A

Binomial Nomenclature

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3
Q

History of evolution of a species or a group of organisms

A

Phylogeny

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4
Q

Direct lines of evidence

A

Fossils, continental drift

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5
Q

Indirect lines of evidence

A

Embryology, biochemistry

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6
Q

Study of organisms in the early stages of development

A

Embryology

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7
Q

Muscles/appendages that are basically useless

A

Vestigial Structures

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8
Q

Same structure, but different functions (common origins as embryos)

A

Homologous Structures

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9
Q

Similar structures, developed differently (uncommon ancestry)

A

Analogous Structures

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10
Q

A model that accounts for all of the known scientific evidence

A

Scientific Theory

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11
Q

Occurs in a population, not single organisms

A

Evolution

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12
Q

Inheritance of acquired characteristics

A

Lamarck’s Theory

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13
Q

Species evolve independently if isolated due to differences in habitat

A

Darwin’s Theory

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14
Q

Measure of reproductive success

A

Fitness

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15
Q

Random changes in DNA sequence in a chromosome

A

Mutations

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16
Q

The formation of a new species from a pre-existing one

A

Speciation

17
Q

Speciation by reproductive isolation

A

Allopatric Speciation

18
Q

Different species may adapt similarly due to similar environmental needs

A

Convergent Evolution

19
Q

Similar species become different due to different environments - do not interbreed and each undergoes natural selection

A

Divergent Evolution/Adaptive Radiation

20
Q

Speciation takes place slowly

A

Theory of Gradualism

21
Q

Many species evolve rapidly, burst of evolution and then no more large changes for a while

A

Theory of Punctuated Equilibrium

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