Carbs, Lipids and Proteins Flashcards
What is the primary source of E for the body?
Carbohydrates
What are monosaccharides?
Simple sugars that contain 3-6 C (glucose, galactose, fructose)
What are disaccharides?
Two monosaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose)
What are isomers?
Same chemical formula, different arrangement
Water molecule extracted from two monosaccharides and bonds to two others in a process called…?
Dehydrolysis Synthesis
How do animals store carbs and sometimes make more glucose?
Glycogen
What is cellulose?
Cannot be digested, held as fiber which helps eliminate waste
What are triglycerides made of?
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What are phospholipids made of?
1 glycerol, 2 fatty acids and phosphate
Do lipids have a lot of energy?
Yes, they have twice the amount of energy of carbs or proteins
What are proteins?
Large macromolecules made up of amino acids bonded together
When water molecules are released to make proteins, the bonds between carboxyl and amino groups are called…?
Peptide bonds
What is a peptide?
Small chain of amino acids
What is a polypeptide?
Medium length protein
Where is nucleic acid found?
DNA and RNA, in the nuclei and mitochondrian
