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Phlebotomy for Law Enforcement > Chapter 5 and 6 Anatomy and Circulatory System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 and 6 Anatomy and Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

The structural composition of the human body

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The function of the human body.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Means “covering” or “skin”

A

Integumentary System

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4
Q

Composed of all the muscles of the body and is responsible for nearly half the normal weight of the body.

A

Muscular System

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5
Q

Composed of all the bones and joints of the
body, including the cartilage, and ligaments that connect them.

A

Skeletal System

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6
Q

Controls and coordinates activities of the various body systems by means of electrical impulses and chemical substances sent to and received from all parts of the body.

A

Nervous System

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7
Q

The system of organs that is responsible for ingesting, digesting, and absorbing food, and then discharging wastes from these processes from the body.

A

Digestive System

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8
Q

Composed of all the organs in males and
females that work together to produce a new human being.

A

Reproductive System

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9
Q

Composed of glands and hormones that help regulate the metabolic activity of the body.

A

Endocrine System

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10
Q

Composed of all the organs involved in
producing, collecting, and eliminating urine.

A

Urinary System

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11
Q

Consists of the organs and structures that
allow an individual to breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.

A

Respiratory System

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12
Q

Are structures composed of tissues that function together for a common purpose.

A

Organs

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13
Q

Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a special function.

A

Tissues

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14
Q

The arrest or stoppage of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

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15
Q

Blood that has been prevented from
clotting.

A

Whole Blood

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16
Q

white blood cells (WBCs), contain nuclei.

A

Leukocytes

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17
Q

often called “segs” because the nucleus of a typical ________________ has several lobes or segments.

A

Neutrophils

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18
Q

normally the second-most
numerous type of WBC and the most numerous agranulocyte.

A

Lymphocytes

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19
Q

the largest WBCs.

A

Monocytes

20
Q

Leukocytes Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils are all apart of what?

A

White Blood Cells

21
Q

What are Erythrocytes?

A

Red Blood Cells

22
Q

The most numerous cells in the blood, averaging 4.5 to 5 million per cubic millimeter of blood.

A

Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)

23
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelets

24
Q

______________means “in front of the elbow.”
______________ means a shallow depression.

A

Antecubital Fossa (AC)

25
Q

The blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood from your heart to all of your body’s cells.

A

Arteries

26
Q

The blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.

A

Veins

27
Q

Located in the lateral aspect of the antecubital area, it is the second-choice vein for venipuncture in the H-shaped
pattern. It is often harder to palpate than the median cubital vein but is fairly well anchored and often the only vein that can be palpated in obese patients.

A

Cephalic Vein

28
Q

A large vein located on the medial aspect (inner side) of the antecubital area, it is the last-choice vein for venipuncture in either venous distribution pattern. It is generally easy to palpate but is not as well anchored and rolls more easily, increasing the possibility of accidental puncture of the median nerve.

A

Basilic vein

29
Q

Located near the center of the antecubital
area, it is the preferred, and thus first choice, vein for venipuncture in the H-shaped pattern. It is typically larger, closer to the surface, better anchored, and more stationary than the others, making it the easiest and least painful to puncture as well as the least likely to bruise.

A

Median Cubital Vein

30
Q

The thin outer layer of the heart

A

Epicardium

31
Q

The middle muscle layer of the heart

A

Myocardium

32
Q

The thin inner layer that lines the chambers of the heart and covers the flaps of the heart valves.

A

Endocardium

33
Q

Upper right chamber;

Receives deoxygenated
blood from the body via
both the superior (upper)
vena cava and inferior
(lower) vena cava and
pumps it into the right
ventricle.

A

Right Atrium

34
Q

Lower right chamber;

Receives blood from the
right atrium and pumps it
into the pulmonary artery,
which carries it to the
lungs to be oxygenated.

A

Right Ventricle

35
Q

Upper left chamber;

Receives oxygenated
blood from the lungs via
the pulmonary veins and
pumps it into the left
ventricle.

A

Left Atrium

36
Q

Lower left chamber;

Receives blood from the
left atrium and pumps it
into the aorta; the walls of
the left ventricle are nearly
three times as thick as
those of the right ventricle
owing to the force
required to pump the
blood into the arterial
system.

A

Left Ventricle

37
Q

Serves the rest of the body, carrying
oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle of the heart to
the body cells and then returning to the right atrium of the heart with
blood carrying carbon dioxide and other waste products of metabolism from the cells

A

Systemic Circulation

38
Q

Tunica Adventitia, Tunica media, Tunica intima

A

Blood Vessel Structure

39
Q

The outer layer of a blood vessel, made up of
connective tissue and thicker in arteries than veins; also called the
tunica externa.

A

Tunica Adventitia

40
Q

The middle layer of a blood vessel, made up of smooth muscle tissue and some elastic fibers and much thicker in arteries
than in veins.

A

Tunica Media

41
Q

The inner layer or lining of a blood vessel; made up of a single layer of endothelial cells, a basement membrane, a
connective tissue layer, and an elastic internal membrane; also
called the tunica interna.

A

Tunica Intima

42
Q

Fluid separated from clotted blood.

A

Serum

43
Q

Fluid separated from blood
that has been prevented from clotting.

A

Plasma

44
Q

Gel-like clumps of blood. When they form in response to a cut or other injury, they stop the bleeding by plugging the injured blood vessel.

A

Blood Clot

45
Q

The _________ _________ is a network of organs, vessels, ducts, and nodes. Returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream, protects the body by removing microorganisms and
impurities, processes lymphocytes, and delivers fats absorbed from the small intestine to the bloodstream.

A

Lymphatic System

46
Q

__________ __________ extend throughout the entire body, much like blood vessels. Makes up the the Lymphatic System.

A

Lymph Vessels

Phlebotomy for Law Enforcement (4 decks)

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