Chapter 5

Question 1

Demographics

Answer 1

The statistical characteristics of human populations (such as age or income) used especially to identify markets.

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

All nations in, or temporarily absent from a country, and immigrants permanently settled in a country.

Question 3

Dependency Ratio

Answer 3

The ratio of dependents to the working-age population.

Question 4

Growth Rates

Answer 4

The annual changes population resulting from births, deaths and net migration during the year.

Question 5

Replacement Level Fertility

Answer 5

2.1 is the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration.

Question 6

Demographic dividend

Answer 6

Accelerated economic growth as a result of decline in fertility and mortality rates and surge of young labor force entrants to the labor market.

Question 7

Labor Gap

Answer 7

The shortage of people of working-age.

Question 8

Population Pyramid

Answer 8

A shape of population dispersion over different age groups and male versus female with relatively more younger people than older people.

Question 9

Population Dome or Cone

Answer 9

A shape of population dispersion over different age groups and male versus female with near equal young people and older people.

Question 10

Sharing Economy

Answer 10

Economy based on peer-to-peer sharing of goods and services vs ownership (Airbnb, streaming, crowdfunding, digital currency).

Question 11

Urbanization

Answer 11

The process whereby a society changes from a rural to an urban way of life. It also refers to the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas due to a combination of push and pull factors.

Question 12

Push factors

Answer 12

Factors encouraging or forcing people to leave rural areas like lack of job opportunities in agriculture.

Question 13

Pull factors

Answer 13

Factors attracting people into the cities like better wages or better education.