Chapter 5

Question 1

What do you call an ionic compound formed through the reaction of an acid and a base?

Answer 1

A salt.

Question 2

Salts ____ in aqueous solution

Answer 2

dissociate.

Question 3

Dissociated salt ions may do what to create a basic or acidic solution?

Answer 3

Hydrolyze (react w water)

Question 4

What happens to a solution if neither the anion/cation hydrolyze?

Answer 4

Solution will be neutral.

Question 5

What are the 3 rules for hydrolysis of a salt?

Answer 5

1. cations in family 1 and 2 won’t hydrolyze.
2. anions derived from a strong acid won’t hydrolyze.
3. amphiprotic ions favour either basic or acidic hydrolyzation even though they can do both.

Question 6

What are the 4 steps to seeing what the pH range of a salt in solution will be?

Answer 6

1. write the dissociation equation
2. will cation hydrolyze?
3. Will anion hydrolyze?
4. determine pH range.

Question 7

How does oxygen affect acid strength?

Answer 7

The more oxygen atoms, the stronger the acid.

Question 8

What do you call a solution that resists a change in pH when H+ or OH- is added?

Answer 8

A buffered solution.

Question 9

What does a buffered solution contain?

Answer 9

1. A weak base + salt containing its conjugate acid.
   OR
2. A weak acid + salt containing its conjugate base.

Question 10

What will the pH of the solution equal when [weak acid] = [conjugate base]?

Answer 10

The pH of solution = pKa

Question 11

What governs the pH of a buffered solution?

Answer 11

the ratio of weak acid to conjugate base or weak base to conjugate acid

Question 12

Addition of H+ to a buffered solution will:

Answer 12

consume conjugate base present

Question 13

Addition of OH- to a buffered solution will:

Answer 13

consume conjugate acid present

Question 14

What is the equivalence point in an acid-base titration?

Answer 14

mols H+ = mols OH-

Question 15

What do you call a solution of known concentration?

Answer 15

Standardized solution.

Question 16

What do you call the solution of known solution that is used to make a standardized solution?

Answer 16

Primary standard.

Question 17

Metal oxide + water =

Answer 17

basic solution

Question 18

non-metal oxide + water =

Answer 18

acidic solution

Question 19

Where are the metal oxides found?

Answer 19

Family 1-2

Question 20

anions hydrolyze to make

Answer 20

basic solution

Question 21

cations hydrolyze to make

Answer 21

acidic solution

Question 22

When titrating a strong acid w a strong base, the equivalence point has a pH of:

Answer 22

pH 7

Question 23

When titrating a strong acid w a weak base, the equivalence point is:

Answer 23

pH<7

Question 24

When titrating a strong base w a weak acid, the equivalence point is:

Answer 24

pH>7

Question 25

On a titration curve, where is the buffer region?

Answer 25

the horizontal parts.

Question 26

What does a chem indicator contain?

Answer 26

a weak organic acid/base + conjugate (each has its own colour)