Chapter 3 Flashcards
What are the two steps to calculate [ions] in solution?
- Write the dissociation equation.
2. Knowing one part’s concentration, use the molar ratios to determine other parts.
How to calculate [ions] of two substances mixed together.
- Take molarity of each substance, multiplied by individual volume, divided by volume of two substances together.
- Separate each part into dilution calculation.
- Find [ion] of each ion in system.
Why does a precipitate form?
Because the ions combined in reaction have low solubility.
How to write net ionic equations
Take total ionic equation and anything on both sides is cancelled.
What do ionic compounds break down into?
Acids, bases and salts.
What do you call the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in an amount of solvent at a given temp?
Solubility.
How to increase solubility?
Increase temp, solute and mix more.
What do you call it when rate dissolving > rate precipitation
unsaturated
What do you call it when rate dissolving = rate precipitation
saturated (equilibrium equation)
What do you call it when rate dissolving < rate precipitation
supersaturated
What is the Ksp?
Solubility product constant at 25 degrees: multiply [products] of dissociation equation.
What state is not included in a Ksp calculation?
solid
What can you not use the table of solubility to identify?
Alkili ions, NH4+ or NO3-
How do you identify the alkili ions in solution?
Colour identification.
What is Q?
The trial of Ksp (from the data you collect).
