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Biology 101 > Chapter 5, 6a, 6b, Flipped activity quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 5, 6a, 6b, Flipped activity quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement from high to low concentration

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2
Q

Concentration gradient

A

difference in concentration of solutes

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3
Q

Exergonic reactions

A

Spontaneous

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3
Q

Passive transport:

A

No energy, molecules move down gradient

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4
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water

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5
Q

Hypertonic

A

Water moves out, shrinkage

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6
Q

Hypotonic

A

water moves in, swelling

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7
Q

Isotonic

A

freely move in and out

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8
Q

Selective channels

A

Hydrophobic outside, hydrophilic inside

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9
Q

Voltage-gated, Lipand-gated, Mechanically-gated are

A

the three types of channels

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10
Q

What is membrane potential?

A

Difference in charge across membrane

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11
Q

Na+ is more concentrated _____ the cell

A

Outside

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12
Q

K+ is more concentrated ______ the cell

A

Inside

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13
Q

Active Transport

A

requires ATP, against gradient

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14
Q

Primary active transport

A

Exergonic with ATP

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15
Q

Secondary active transport

A

uses electrochemical gradient (pulley)

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16
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Separate cell from environment

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17
Q

Eukaryote plasma membrane

A

multiple compartments

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18
Q

Prokaryote plasma membrane

A

two defined compartments

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19
Q

What do cell membranes do?

A

keep out what’s bad, allow entry of important stuff

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20
Q

Cells are surrounded by what type of solutions?

A

Alkaline (pH greater than 7)

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21
Q

The inside of of cells are _____ to keep out alkaline solution

A

hydrophobic

22
Q

Lipid:

A

carbon-containing compound; hydrophobic

23
Q

Most important lipids:

A

Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Fats, Steroids

24
Q

What lipids are made from fatty acids?

A

Phospholipids and fats

25
Q

What is a fatty acid?

A

hydrocarbon bonded to carboxyl

26
Q

Are fatty acids amphipathic?

A

yes

27
Q

What state are saturated lipids?

A

solid

28
Q

What state are unsaturated lipids?

A

liquid

29
Q

What are fats composed of?

A

3 fatty acids + a glycerol bonded to carbonyl

30
Q

Why do fats have so much energy?

A

Non-polar bonds = high potential energy

31
Q

Composition of phospholipids:

A

glycerol + 2 fatty acids + head group

32
Q

Are phospholipids amphipathic?

A

Yes

33
Q

Composition of glycolipids:

A

two fatty acids and sugars

34
Q

Describe steroid structure

A

bulky 4 ring structure

35
Q

What is it when everything can’t go through the lipid bilayer

A

selective permeability

36
Q

What increases fluidity

A

Increased temperature

37
Q

Short and unsaturated tails have what permeability?

A

higher

38
Q

Long and saturated tails have what permeability?

A

lower

39
Q

What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates?

A

cell structure, cell identity, energy storage

40
Q

Monosaccharide formula

A

(C H2 O)n

41
Q

Carbonyl group in the middle of a monosaccharide

A

ketose

42
Q

Carbonyl at end of monosaccharide

A

Aldose

43
Q

Sugars with 5 or more carbons exist as…

A

ring when placed in water

44
Q

What type of sugar is lactose

A

Disaccharide

45
Q

Energy is stored as…

A

starch and glycogen

46
Q

Plants store energy as

A

starch

47
Q

Animals store energy as

A

glycogen

48
Q

Cellulose is an almost _____ bond

A

unbreakable

49
Q
A
50
Q

Bacteria use what to support cell walls?

A

peptidoglycan

51
Q

Glycoporteins and Glycolipids are key molecules in

A

cell-cell recognition and cell-cell signaling

52
Q
A

Biology 101 (3 decks)

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