Chapter 5 Flashcards
Dew
Water that has condensed onto objects near the ground when their temperatures have fallen below the dew point temperature of the surface air but remain above freezing.
Frost
A covering of ice produced by deposition on exposed surfaces when the surface temperature of the objects fall below the frost point
Aerosols
Tiny suspended solid particles that enter the atmosphere form either natural or anthropogenic sources
(Cloud Condensation Nuclei)
Hydrophobic
The ability to resist the condensation of water vapor
Water-repelling nuclei
(Cloud Condensation Nuclei)
Hygroscopic
The ability to accelerate the condensation process
Condensation occurs at RH < 100%
Nuclei that have an affinity for water
Salts
Haze
Fine dry or wet dust or salt particles dispersed through a portion of the atmosphere
Dry Haze
Combustion Products
Loose Surface Products
Common in Industrialized Areas
Scattering due to
the dry particles
Wet Haze
Hygroscopic Nuclei
Condensation & Growth
Not Yet Cloud Droplets
Relative Humidity > 75% but < 100%
Fog
A cloud with its base at the Earth’s surface
Radiation Fog
Produced by Radiational Cooling of the Surface
Advection Fog
Caused by the Advection of Relatively Warm Moist Air Mass over a Colder Surface
Upslope Fog
Caused by Air Flowing Upward Over Rising Terrain
Steam Fog
Formed When Water Vapor Is Added to Air That Is Much Colder Than the Vapor’s Source
Precipitation Fog
Formed When Rain Falls into Cooler Air
Ice fog
Fog Composed of Suspended Ice Crystals
