Chapter 5 Flashcards
Myelination
Process of forming a myelin sheath around a nerve to allow nerve impulses to move more quickly
Gross Motor Development
- 3 years: hopping, jumping, running
- 4 years: same activities strung together
- 5 years: children become more adventurous and competitive
Leading Cause of Death in Children
Car accidents
Egocentrism
Inability to distinguish between ones own perspective and someone else’s perspective
Animism
Belief that inanimate objects have life-like qualities and are capable of action
Centration
Centering ones attention on one characteristic to the exclusion of all others
Conservation
Lack of awareness that altering an object or substances appearance does not change its basic properties
ZPD
Changing level of support to meet needs of child
Executive attention
Involves planning actions, allocations attention and goals
Explicit memory
Memory of facts and events, can be consciously recalled
Implicit memory
Unconscious memory of skills and how to do things with the use of objects or movements of the body. Acquired through repetition and practice, become automaticl
Age 4-5
Children understand that people can have false beliefs
Age 2-3
Children begin to understand perceptions emotions and desires
Phonology
Sound system of a language and how the sounds are used and how they may be combined
Morphology
Units of meaning involved in word formation (plural and possessive nouns, appropriate verb endings)
Syntax
The way words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences
Child-centered kindergarten
Emphasizes education whole child and promoting their physical, cognitive and socio emotional development
Montessori approach
Children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities, teachers help create problem solvers
Initiative vs Guilt
Eriksons third stage, children learn that they are their own person. They are eager to learn are curious and learn that their conscious can give them guilt
