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Oral Anatomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

maxillary and mandibular molar widths make up ___ (mandibular) and ___ (maxillary) of the quadrant

A

51% ; 44%

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2
Q

functions of molars

A
  • mastication (grinding)
  • maintenance of vertical dimension of face
  • maintenance of arch continuity for proper alignment
  • support cheeks (esthetics)
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3
Q

Crown size of all molars: ____ dimension is greater than _____

A

mesiodistal; occlusocervical

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4
Q

molars have ___ to ___ cusps; larger crowns than other teeth but shortest _____

A

three; five; occlusocervically

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5
Q

crowns taper narrower from ____ to ____ (EXCEPT maxillary first molars with large distolingual cusp)

A

buccal; lingual

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6
Q

from occlusal view, molar crowns taper narrower buccolingually from ____ to ____

A

mesial; distal (crowns are narrower buccolingually in the distal third than the mesial third)

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7
Q

from the buccal view, all crowns taper from ____ to ____

A

mesial; distal (distal cusps are shorter than mesial cusps)

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8
Q

facial height of contour for all molars

A

in the cervical third (as on all teeth)

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9
Q

lingual height of contour for all molars

A

in the middle third (as on all posterior teeth)

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10
Q

mesial contact on all molars

A

located near junction of middle/occlusal thirds

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11
Q

distal contact on all molars

A

more cervical than the mesial contact, near the middle third

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12
Q

mandibular molars are greater _____ than _____ versus maxillary molars which are greater ____ than ____

A

mesiodistally; faciolingually; faciolingually; mesiodistally

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13
Q

maxillary molar crown outline is more ____ and mandibular is more ____

A

square (rhomboid or parallelogram); rectangular (pentagon shaped on firsts)

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14
Q

mandibular molars have ____ large cusps (plus often on first a fifth ____ cusp)

A

four; distal

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15
Q

maxillary molars have ____ larger cusps plus smaller ____ (and possible fifth ____ cusp)

A

three; distolingual; Carabelli

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16
Q

____ crowns tilt lingually relative to the root axis

A

mandibular

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17
Q

____ crowns are more centered over the root with no lingual tilt

A

maxillary

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18
Q

from the buccal view, the ____ crowns tilt slightly more distally than the maxillary

A

mandibular

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19
Q

maxillary molars have ____ roots; ___ is the longest, ____ is the shortest, and _____ is wider than the distobuccal

A

three; lingual; distobuccal; mesiobuccal

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20
Q

mandibular molars have ___ roots; the ____ is longer and wider and the ____ is shorter and narrower

A

two; mesial; distal

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21
Q

both mandibular molars are normally wider _____ than _____ (more so on firsts)

A

mesiodistally; occlusocervically

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22
Q

first mandibular molar is ___ than the second and is more likely to have ____ cusps

A

larger; five

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23
Q

three buccal cusps on mandibular first molar:

A

mesiobuccal > distobuccal > distal (smallest, shortest)

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24
Q

two lingual cusps on mandibular first molar:

A

mesiolingual (longest handheld) > distoligual (second longest)

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25
Q

2 buccal grooves on mandibular first molar:

A

mesiobuccal and distobuccal

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26
Q

2 buccal cusps on mandibular second molar:

A

mesiobuccal and distobuccal (shortest if handheld)

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27
Q

2 lingual cusps on mandibular second molar:

A

mesiolingual (longest handheld) and the distolingual (second longest)

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28
Q

mandibular second molar has one ___ groove

A

buccal

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29
Q

all molars have proximal contact areas located more ____ on the mesial surface (at junction of ____ and ____ thirds) than on the distal (near ____ third)

A

occlusal; occlusal; middle; middle

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30
Q

cervical lines of mandibular molars from the buccal view are close to ____ (rarely may dip into ____)

A

straight; root bifurcation

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31
Q

there is more crown taper from distal contact to CEJ on mandibular ____ molars than _____; mesial contour is more straight than distal

A

first; seconds

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32
Q

____ of mandibular first molars have only four cusps (no distal cusp)

A

15-20%

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33
Q

some mandibular molar crowns have an extra cusp on ___ surface of cusp (NOT to be confused with Carabelli cusp located on the mesiolingual cusp of most maxillary first molars)

A

buccal

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34
Q

mandibular first and second molars have two roots: ____ (which is longer and wider) and ____

A

mesial; distal

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35
Q

root trunk is shorter on the ____ than the ____

A

mandibular first; second

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36
Q

roots are more divergent toward the apex on the ____ than the ____

A

mandibular first; second

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37
Q

mandibular molars: crowns tapper narrower from buccal to lingual (more so on firsts) so ____ are somewhat visible from the lingual

A

proximal surfaces

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38
Q

on mandibular molars, the ____ and ____ cusps are longer than ____ cusp

A

mesiolingual; distolingual; buccal

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39
Q

on mandibular molars, the ____ cusp is wider than the ____ cusp

A

mesiolingual; distolingual

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40
Q

on mandibular molars, the ____, if onto lingual surface, is unlikely to be carious

A

lingual groove

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41
Q

roots are narrower on the ____ side than the ____

A

lingual; buccal

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42
Q

on mandibular molars, the buccal height of contour is in the ____ third

A

cervical

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43
Q

on mandibular molars, the lingual height of contour is in the ____ third (as on all molars)

A

middle

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44
Q

_____ running mesiodistally and more prominent in mesial half (seen occlusally) of mandibular second molar

A

buccal cervical ridge

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45
Q

on mandibular molars, ____ cusps are more pointed and longer (handheld) than ____ cusps

A

lingual; buccal

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46
Q

on mandibular molars, you cannot see the occlusal surface from the ____

A

mesial

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47
Q

on mandibular molars, you can see more of the occlusal surface from the _____, due to taper shorter toward ____

A

distal; distal

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48
Q

when comparing proximal views of mandibular molars, the CEJ slopes ____ from buccal to lingual and is very slightly curved

A

occlusally

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49
Q

on mandibular molars, the distal marginal ridge is more ____ than the mesial marginal ridge (similar to proximal contacts)

A

cervical

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50
Q

marginal ridges of mandibular molars are concave _____

A

buccolingual

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51
Q

on mandibular molars, the ____ root is broader faciolingually and longer than the ____ root

A

mesial; distal (so you cannot see the distal root when looking from mesial view; from the distal, you can see a wider mesial root behind the distal root)

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52
Q

on mandibular molars, the mesial root has a ___ surface depression, but the ____ surface depression is deeper

A

mesial; distal

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53
Q

the smaller distal root has a ___ surface depression but ____ surface is variable

A

mesial; distal

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54
Q

on mandibular molars from occlusal view, if viewed along root axis, more ___ surface is visible than ____ due to ____ tipping of the crown relative to the root

A

facial; lingual; lingual

55
Q

mandibular second molar is ____ (it is greater mesiodistally than buccolingually)

A

rectangular

56
Q

the mandibular second molar tapers narrower from ____ to ____ and from ____ to _____

A

mesial; distal; buccal to lingual

57
Q

on mandibular second molars, the _____ is prominent on the mesial

A

buccal cervical ridge

58
Q

mandibular first is more prominent in middle of buccal (over ____ cusp) and very small distal cusp, making outline more ____ shaped

A

distobuccal; pentagon

59
Q

the mandibular first molar tapers narrower from ___ to ____ and the ____ third is narrower buccolingually than the _____ third

A

buccal to lingual; distal third; mesial third

60
Q

on mandibular molars: 4 triangular ridges form 2 transverse ridges:

A
  • mesiobuccal and mesiolingual triangular ridges form the mesial transverse ridge
  • distobuccal and distolingual triangular ridges form the distal transverse ridge
61
Q

____ is separate

A

distal cusp triangular ridge

62
Q

first and second mandibular molars have ___ fossae

A

three fossae:

  • central (largest)
  • mesial triangular
  • distal triangular (very small)
63
Q

mandibular second molar groove pattern is ____ where buccal and lingual grooves join and cross the central groove

A

”+ shaped”

64
Q

on the mandibular second molar, the ___ groove with ___ pit is caries prone

A

buccal groove with buccal pit

65
Q

on the mandibular first molar, there is more ____ central groove from mesial to distal fossa

A

zig zag

66
Q

on mandibular first molar, ____ and ____ groove join central groove near central fossa

A

mesiobuccal; lingual

67
Q

on mandibular first molar, ____ groove separates distobuccal and distal cusps

A

distobuccal

68
Q

on mandibular molars, the mesial and distal contact areas are normally slightly ____ to the central groove (so ____ embrasure is greater than ____ embrasure)

A

buccal; lingual; buccal

69
Q

possible extra lingual cusp on mandibular molar

A

tuberculum intermedium

70
Q

extra cusp (tubercle) on distal marginal ridge of first molar

A

tuberculum sextum

71
Q

rarely, mandibular second molars may have ___ buccal cusps

A

three

72
Q

_____ is the largest maxillary tooth

A

maxillary first molar

73
Q

maxillary first is wider _____

A

mesiodistally

74
Q

maxillary molars have two buccal cusps:

A

mesiobuccal (wider and longer) and distobuccal

75
Q

maxillary molars have two lingual cusps:

A

mesiolingual (longest) and the distolingual (shortest, cannot be seen from buccal view)

76
Q

on the maxillary molars, the ____ separates the mesiobuccal and distobuccal cusps, but is not caries prone

A

buccal groove

77
Q

proximal contacts of maxillary molars from buccal view (same on all molars)

A
  • all have mesial contact at junction of occlusal/middle thirds
  • distal contact more cervical, near the middle third
78
Q

maxillary molars have three roots (trifurcation):

A
  • lingual (longest; shows behind, between mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots)
  • mesiobuccal (longer and wider than distobuccal)
  • distobuccal (shortest root)
79
Q

the trunk is shorter on the maxillary ___ than the ____ and the roots diverge more on the ____

A

first; second; first

80
Q

on maxillary molars, little or no proximal surface (from lingual view) shows on the ____ due to wider lingual surface, larger distolingual cusp

A

first molar

81
Q

more proximal surface shows on maxillary second molar (from lingual view) with smaller or missing ____

A

distolingual cusp (happens about 33% of the time)

82
Q

first maxillary molar has largest and longest ____ cusp (often with ____) and somewhat smaller _____ cusp

A

mesiolingual cusp; cusp of Carabelli or groove 70% ; distolingual

83
Q

second maxillary molar also has longest ____ cusp compared to much smaller (or missing) ____ cusp

A

mesiolingual; distolingual

84
Q

lingual grooves and pits are _____

A

caries prone

85
Q

longest lingual root often has ____ on lingual surface (on the maxillary first molar)

A

longitudinal depression

86
Q

distobuccal and mesiobuccal roots are closer together on the ____ than the ____

A

maxillary second; first

87
Q

maxillary molar cusps from proximal view: ____ dimension less than _____

A

occlusocervical; faciolingual

88
Q

only ____ visible from the mesial since distal cusps are shorter than mesial

A

two cusps (and Carabelli)

89
Q

____ visible from the distal since mesial cusps are longer than distal

A

four cusps

90
Q

height of contour of maxillary molars from proximal views

A
  • buccal height of contour in cervical third (like for all teeth)
  • lingual height of contour in middle third (like all posterior teeth), even more OCCLUSAL if there is a big cusp of Carabelli)
91
Q

maxillary molars taper narrower toward the _____; from this view, some facial and lingual surfaces may be visible due to crown tapering

A

distal

92
Q

on maxillary molars, the mesial marginal ridge is more ____ than the distal marginal ridge

A

occlusal (more occlusal surface is visible from the distal view)

93
Q

_____ are commonly seen on the mesial of the maxillary first molar

A

marginal ridge grooves

94
Q

tubercles and marginal ridge grooves are more common on ____ than ____ and on _____ than _____

A

more common on maxillary firsts than seconds and on mesial marginal ridges than distal marginal ridges

95
Q

cervical lines of maxillary molars from the proximal view: CEJ is nearly ____ faciolingually with less curve on the ____ than the ____ (but hardly noticeable)

A

flat; distal; mesial

96
Q

on maxillary molars, only two roots are visible from the ____

A

mesial (bc distobuccal is shorter and narrower than mesiobuccal root)

97
Q

___ root is the longest and called the “banana”

A

lingual root

98
Q

there is less spread of ____ roots compared to the ____

A

second maxillary molar; first

99
Q

____ root has mesial and distal root depression; the ____ root is less likely to have depressions

A

mesiobuccal; distobuccal

100
Q

maxillary molars from occlusal view: both first and second have _____ greater than ____ dimension

A

buccolingual; mesiodistal

101
Q

on maxillary first molars, the ___ half is often narrower mesiodistally than the ____ half due to large ____ cusp

A

buccal; lingual; distolingual cusp

102
Q

from occlusal view, the maxillary first molar is ____ or almost ____ outline; ____ and ____ are sharp angles, the others are rounded

A

rhomboid; square; mesiobuccal; distolingual

103
Q

on maxillary second molars, the ____ cusp is often quite small so ___ half is narrower mesiodistally than the ___ half

A

distolingual; lingual; buccal

104
Q

____ cusp may be missing on maxillary second molar (tricuspid)

A

distolingual

105
Q

maxillary second molars have more twisted rhomboid outline due to prominent _____

A

mesiobuccal cervical ridge

106
Q

maxillary first molar has ___ cusps plus often Carabelli cusp or depression on _____ cusp

A

four; mesiolingual

107
Q

second maxillary molar has ____ larger cusps and one smaller or absent cusp

A

three larger cusps- mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and mesiolingual
one smaller or absent cusp- distolingual

108
Q

three main cusps form the _____

A

primary cusp triangle

109
Q

trigon

A

bears MB, ML, and DB cusps; tricuspate or primary cusp triangle

110
Q

talon

A

bears DL cusp and D MR located DL to the tricuspate

111
Q

cusp of carabelli present on ___ of maxillary first molars; varies greatly in size

A

70%

112
Q

ridges of maxillary molars from occlusal view: if 4 cusp type…

A
  • transverse ridge from mesiolingual to mesiobuccal cusp

- oblique ridge from mesiolingual to distobuccal cusp

113
Q

four fossae of maxillary molars (if four major cusps):

A
  • central (largest)
  • distal oblique (second largest, cigar shaped)
  • mesial triangular
  • distal triangular (minute)
114
Q

if three cusp type, only ___ fossa:

A

three fossa: mesial, central and distal

115
Q

grooves on maxillary molars (4 cusp type)

A
  • central groove (from mesial to central fossa)
  • buccal (from central fossa)
  • distal oblique (from distal fossa)
  • lingual groove continues from distal oblique (is caries prone)
  • transverse groove of oblique ridge (if present)
116
Q

occlusal caries and preparations may not cross the _____

A

oblique ridge

117
Q

if you have a three cusped maxillary molar, grooves are:

A

buccal and central

118
Q

proximal contacts of maxillary molars: mesial and distal contacts are located ____ to buccolingual center

A

buccal

119
Q

___ is more buccal than ____

A

mesial; distal

120
Q

distal contact of first maxillary molar is ____ located (exception)

A

centrally

121
Q

pentagon occlusal outline

A

mandibular 1st molar

122
Q

rectangle occlusal outline

A

mandibular 2nd molar

123
Q

rhomboid/square occlusal outline

A

maxillary 1st and 2nd molars

124
Q

heart shaped occlusal outline

A

3 cusp type maxillary 2nd molar and maxillary 3rd

125
Q

third molars are often ____ than 1st or 2nd molars

A

smaller

126
Q

2 types of teeth that occlude with only 1 tooth

A

maxillary third molars (the only maxillary teeth) and mandibular central incisors

127
Q

size varies greatly but usually third molars are the ____ of permanent teeth

A

shortest (with short roots and short crowns)

128
Q

compared with 1st and 2nd molars in the same arch, third molar ____ have the greatest variance of shape

A

crowns

129
Q

third molar roots are often bent ____ and are thin and pointed

A

distally

130
Q

usually maxillary third molars have ___ roots and mandibulars have ____

A

three; two

131
Q

roots of third molars often ____ with a long ____

A

fused; trunk

132
Q

third molars may be covered with flap of tissue called ____; trauma and infection of this tissue may cause ____

A

operculum; pericoronitis

133
Q

third molars (compared to 1st and 2nds) are more ____ (but with smaller occlusal table) and more ____ (with accessory grooves and fissures)

A

bulbous; wrinkled

Oral Anatomy (9 decks)

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