Chapter 5 Flashcards
what are demographics affecting reproduction in western society?
higher living standards = lower birth rates
How is democracy defined?
Decentralization of power through the masses
What common probelm has been medicalized into a non-lethal disease?
infertility
What causes have led to infertility being classed as a nonlethal disease
desire to control all aspects of life
$$
decline of religion
What drives people to promote fertility treatments
lotsa money to be made
What is the procreative liberty argument?
reproductive descisions are a product of autonomy
What principle supports the procreative liberty argument?
the Harm principle
What are two weaknesses of the reproductive autonomy argument?
Market place values in the family
Autonomy tries to trump all other moral principles
What question does utility ask in assisted reproduction?
Is the greatest happiness raised?
What question does deontology ask about assisted reproduction?
Is autonomy/dignity preserved?
What problem is encountered by virtue ethics in regards to assisted reproduction?
Problematic because it focuses on the autonomy of the decision maker
What did alexander pope say
Whatever is, is right
What does natural law assert?
the essence of a thing is the principle to which it ought to be maintained
What sticky wicket makes market place values conflict with fertility treatment?
production usually produces products, but fertility treatments produce subjects
What distinction is not sufficiently recognized in market place fertility treatments
subject/object
market place values are in conflict with what values of the family?
care
feminist critique of fertility treatments
the treatments are inherently more threatening to the mother
what is it called when a woman sells her body for a child to be made by her, besides prostitution?
surrogacy
who was jaycee buzzanca
a girl who had 8 people who could claim part in her creation
Why is anonimity a bad thing with regards to sperm and egg donation?
The child can be adversely effected not knowing who their biological father is
In what way is fertility treatment more dangerous for women than men?
In donation, a surgery must be performed on women to remove eggs, but men just need to ejaculate
what other concerns rise about surrogate mothers?
objectifies the woman, she is an end, just a tool
What is asymmetry in assisted reproduction practices?
One of the parents is just the social parent, while the other parent is both the genetic and social parent
what is a concern with asymmetrical parenting secrecy from the child?
it will eventually come around and bite you in the butt
what is a feminist concern of surrogate mothers?
The surrogate can go through the emotional and physical pain of pregnancy
What does IVF stand for
In Vitro Fertilization
who was the first “test tube” baby? In what year
Louise Brown, 1978
what are weaknesses of the procreative liberty argument?
ethics are framed around marketing reproductive decisions that reflect badly in real life
What dangers are associated with conceiving a child through IVF?
Increased chances of getting cancer, and twice the likelihood of the child developing a defect
