Chapter 5

Question 0

Collagen

Answer 0

Number one protein

Question 1

Integumentary

Answer 1

Skin, sweat, oil glands,hair, and nails (15 percent of body weight)
Protects against heat/cold (wrap)
Sensory - heat, cold, touch, pain
Vitamin d production/ body needs calcium for muscle contraction

Compression (push down) 100 lbs, tension (pull apart or stretch) 67 lbs, shear (tear apart) 33 lbs

Question 2

Epidermis

Answer 2

Making up the bulk of the skin. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

Corneum

Answer 3

Not a layer. Superficial with dead cells

Question 4

Lucidum

Answer 4

Clear layer

Question 5

Granulosum

Answer 5

Consists of four to six layers in which keratinocyte appearance changes drastically through the process of keratinization- which the cells fill with the protein keratin begins

Question 6

Spinosum

Answer 6

Is several layers thick

Question 7

Basale

Answer 7

The deepest epidermal layer. Is attached to the underlying dermis

Question 8

Dermis

Answer 8

Only the dermis is vascularized. Rich supply of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. Strong flexible connective tissue (cutaneous)

Question 9

Hypodermis

Answer 9

Is the fatty layer, sub q, subcutaneous

Question 10

Neurovascular bundle

Answer 10

Veins, arteries, and lymph vessels

Question 11

Touch

Answer 11

Many dermal papillae contain capillary loops. Others house free nerve endings (pain receptors) and touch receptors called Meisners corpuscles (tight) pacinian (pressure)

Question 12

Sweat (sudoiferous) glands

Answer 12

Distributed over the entire skin surface except the nipples and part of the external genitalia. We have two types of sweat glands eccrine and apocrine

Question 13

Sebaceous (oil) glands

Answer 13

Simple branched alveolar glands that are found all over the body. Produces sebum. The oil traps bacteria

Question 14

Mammary glands

Answer 14

Secrete milk

Question 15

Ceremonious glands

Answer 15

Ear wax. To block entry of foreign material and insects

Question 16

Sebaceous glands

Answer 16

Develop as out growths of hair follicles and secrete sebum into a hair follicle. Arrector pili contractions force sebum out of the hair follicles to the skin surfaces

Question 17

Holocrine glands

Answer 17

Destroy cell to make the cells

Question 18

Apocrine glands

Answer 18

Don’t die but get hurt. Milk from mammary glands is made out of water, sugar, and fats

Question 19

Melancytes

Answer 19

Melonin (pigment) (skin color)

Question 20

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer 20

The least malignant and most common. Accounts for 80% of cases. Stratum basale cells proliferate, invading the dermis and hypodermis

Question 21

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 21

The second most common skin cancer, arises from keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum

Question 22

Melanoma

Answer 22

Cancer of the melanocytes, is the most dangerous skin cancer because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy

Question 23

Hair

Answer 23

All over except palm of hand, and soles of feet

Question 24

Indeterminant

Answer 24

Scalp, beard. Hair keeps growing

Question 25

Determinant

Answer 25

Eyebrows, eye lashes, arm hair, leg hair, pubic hair, only grow a certain length then stop

Question 26

Hair follicles

Answer 26

Fold down from the epidermal surface into the dermis. Below the skin surface expands to form a hair bulb. A knot of sensory nerve endings called a hair follicle receptor wraps around each hair bulb

Question 27

Functions of hair

Answer 27

Awareness, trap air, transfer scents

Question 28

Cuticle

Answer 28

Outside

Question 29

Medulla

Answer 29

Center core

Question 30

Lunule

Answer 30

Beginning of nail. Crescent shaped

Question 31

Nail plate

Answer 31

Body of nail. (Keratine)

Question 32

The finger nail functions

Answer 32

Backstop, pickup things, scratch

Question 33

Pressure ridge

Answer 33

Finger prints