Chapter 5 Flashcards
Collagen
Number one protein
Integumentary
Skin, sweat, oil glands,hair, and nails (15 percent of body weight)
Protects against heat/cold (wrap)
Sensory - heat, cold, touch, pain
Vitamin d production/ body needs calcium for muscle contraction
Compression (push down) 100 lbs, tension (pull apart or stretch) 67 lbs, shear (tear apart) 33 lbs
Epidermis
Making up the bulk of the skin. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Corneum
Not a layer. Superficial with dead cells
Lucidum
Clear layer
Granulosum
Consists of four to six layers in which keratinocyte appearance changes drastically through the process of keratinization- which the cells fill with the protein keratin begins
Spinosum
Is several layers thick
Basale
The deepest epidermal layer. Is attached to the underlying dermis
Dermis
Only the dermis is vascularized. Rich supply of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. Strong flexible connective tissue (cutaneous)
Hypodermis
Is the fatty layer, sub q, subcutaneous
Neurovascular bundle
Veins, arteries, and lymph vessels
Touch
Many dermal papillae contain capillary loops. Others house free nerve endings (pain receptors) and touch receptors called Meisners corpuscles (tight) pacinian (pressure)
Sweat (sudoiferous) glands
Distributed over the entire skin surface except the nipples and part of the external genitalia. We have two types of sweat glands eccrine and apocrine
Sebaceous (oil) glands
Simple branched alveolar glands that are found all over the body. Produces sebum. The oil traps bacteria
Mammary glands
Secrete milk
Ceremonious glands
Ear wax. To block entry of foreign material and insects
Sebaceous glands
Develop as out growths of hair follicles and secrete sebum into a hair follicle. Arrector pili contractions force sebum out of the hair follicles to the skin surfaces
Holocrine glands
Destroy cell to make the cells
Apocrine glands
Don’t die but get hurt. Milk from mammary glands is made out of water, sugar, and fats
Melancytes
Melonin (pigment) (skin color)
Basal cell carcinoma
The least malignant and most common. Accounts for 80% of cases. Stratum basale cells proliferate, invading the dermis and hypodermis
Squamous cell carcinoma
The second most common skin cancer, arises from keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum
Melanoma
Cancer of the melanocytes, is the most dangerous skin cancer because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy
Hair
All over except palm of hand, and soles of feet
