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Bio- Semester 1 Final > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Attracts water molecules

Heads

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1
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Avoids water molecules

Tails

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3
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

Organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

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4
Q

Organic molecules

A

Carbon based molecule

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5
Q

Inorganic molecule

A

Non carbon based molecule

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6
Q

carbon’s ability to bond

A

Carbon has only 4 electrons in its highest occupied energy level. Because this energy level can hold 8 electrons, carbon can form up to 4 bonds with other atoms.

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7
Q

dehydration synthesis

A

removing water to put monomers together

water is removed to build a polymer

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8
Q

hydrolysis reaction

A

break bonds between monomers by adding water to them

water is added to break it down monomers

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9
Q

types of macromolecules

A

carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid

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10
Q

carbohydrate

A

Organic compound made of sugar molecules

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11
Q

monomer of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides

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12
Q

polymer of carbohydrates

A

Disaccharide

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13
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Long chain made of simple sugar monomers

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14
Q

Lipid

A

One of a class of water avoiding compounds

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15
Q

Protein

A

polymer constructed from a set of 20 amino acid monomers

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16
Q

monomer of proteins

A

amino acid

17
Q

polymer of proteins

A

polypeptide (chain of linked amino acids)

18
Q

functions of carbohydrates

A

Energy storage, receptors, structure of plant cell wall

19
Q

functions of Lipids

A

Membrane structure, energy storage, insulation

20
Q

functions of proteins

A

Enzymes, structure, receptors, transport, and more

21
Q

functions of nucleic acids

A

Genetic makeup

22
Q

monomer of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotide
Base
Nitrogenous

23
Q

polymer of nucleic acids

A

DNA

RNA

24
Q

Macromolecule

A

Every large molecule consisting of many atoms

25
Q

Enzymes

A

Specialized protein that catalysts the chemical reactions of a cell

26
Q

functions of Enzymes

A

to speed up chemical reactions

lowers the energy requirement barrier so that the reaction can proceed at normal cell temperatures

27
Q

What can denaturation do to proteins?

A

Proteins deform and can’t fold properly causing the shapes to be lost

28
Q

causes of denaturation

A

over heating/ alchohol

Bio- Semester 1 Final (8 decks)

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