Chapter 5

Question 1

Product-Process Matrix

Answer 1

categorizes processes into structures based on output volume and variety

Question 2

Project

Answer 2

one-time or infrequently occurring set of activities that create outputs within prespecified time and cost schedules

Question 3

Job Shop

Answer 3

a flexible process structure for products that require different inputs and have different flows through the process

Question 4

Batch Process

Answer 4

produced in groups, and not in a continuous stream

Question 5

Repetitive Process

Answer 5

discrete products flow through the same sequence of activities

Question 6

Continuous Process

Answer 6

single-flow process used for high-volume non discrete, standardized products

Question 7

Mass Customization

Answer 7

uses advanced technologies to customize products quickly and at a low cost

Question 8

Flexible Manufacturing Processes

Answer 8

combine automated machines, robots, and material handling systems that are all controlled by a single computer

Question 9

Cellular Manufacturing

Answer 9

the production of products with similar process characteristics on small assembly lines called cells

Question 10

Engineer to Order (ETO)

Answer 10

unique, customized products

Question 11

Make to Order (MTO)

Answer 11

similar designs but customized during production

Question 12

Assemble to Order (ATO)

Answer 12

produced from standard components and modules

Question 13

Make to Stock (MTS)

Answer 13

finished goods that are held in inventory in advance of customer orders

Question 14

Customer Contact

Answer 14

the presence of the customer in a process

Question 15

Service Process Matrix

Answer 15

categorizes service processes based on the degree of customization/consumer interaction and labor/capital intensity

Question 16

Professional Services

Answer 16

High customer interaction, high intensity; doctors, consultants, etc.

Question 17

Service Factory

Answer 17

low customer interaction, low intensity; airlines, trucking companies, hotels

Question 18

Service Shops

Answer 18

High customer interaction, low intensity; auto repair shops, hospitals

Question 19

Mass Services

Answer 19

Low customer interaction, high labor intensity; banks, gas stations, retail etc.

Question 20

Service Blueprinting

Answer 20

an approach similar to process mapping that analyzes the interface between customers and service processes

Question 21

Fixed-Position Layout

Answer 21

the layout used when the product cannot be moved during production

Question 22

Functional Layout

Answer 22

groups together similar resources

Question 23

Product Layout

Answer 23

a layout where resources are arranged according to a regularly occurring sequence of activities

Question 24

Line Balancing

Answer 24

used to assign tasks so that idle time and the number of workstations are minimized

Question 25

Takt Time

Answer 25

the maximum allowable cycle time at each station

=available production time per day/output per day

Question 26

Theoretical Number of Workstations

Answer 26

=total of all task times/takt time

Question 27

Efficiency

Answer 27

=(sum of all task times/(actual work stations*takt time)

Question 28

Product Families

Answer 28

groups of products that have similar processing requirements

Question 29

Indifference (break-even) Analysis

Answer 29

a cost-based quantitative decision-making tool that identifies the production volume at which the total costs of the two processes are equal