Chapter 5 Flashcards
Which IOA is recommended for behaviors that occur at relatively low frequencies?
scored interval IOA
Which IOA overestimates agreement?
interval by interval IOA
Calibration
any procedure used to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement system and, when sources of error are found, to use that information to correct or improve the measurement system
Reliability
describes the extent to which a measurement procedure yields the same value when brought into repeated contact with the same state of nature (consistent measurement)
Accuracy
in terms of measurement, it is the degree to which it corresponds to the true value of the thing being measured
Convention for acceptable IOA
80%
Discontinuous measurement
measurement conducted in a manner such that some instances of the response class of interest may not be detected
Measurement bias
nonrandom measurement error (error in measurement that is likely to be in one direction)
Indirect measurement
occurs when the behavior that is measured is in some way different from the behavior of interest. considered to be less valid.
DIrect measurement
occurs when the behavior that is measured is the same as the behavior that is the focus of the investigation.
What is a more conservative/meaningful assessment of IOA?
mean duration per occurrence
The most stringent IOA for most data sets obtained by event recording?
exact count per interval IOA
Total duration IOA is computed by?
shorter of two durations reported by the observers/the longer duration
3 techniques commonly used to calculate IOA for interval data
interval by interval IOA, scored interval IOA, unscored IOA
Most common convention for reporting IOA
percentage of agreement between observers
IOA recommended for behavior that occurs at relatively high frequencies
unscored-interval IOA
Continuous measurement
measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response classes of interest are detected during the observation period
Observer reactivity
measurement error resulting from an observer’s awareness that others are evaluating the data he reports
Naive observer
a trained observer who is unaware of the study’s purpose and/or the experimental conditions in effect during a given phase or observation period
Observed value
what is seen; quantitative label produced by measuring an event
True value
measurement that yields data that are directly relevant to the phenomenon measured and to the reasons for measuring it
Observer drift
unintended changes in the way data are collected - may produce measurement error
