Chapter 4 Flashcards
response latency
fundamental measure (temporal locus-TIME)- elapsed time from the onset of a stimulus to a response
discrete trial
any operant whose response rate is controlled by a given opportunity to emit the response. method for teaching a new behavior.
trials to criterion
derivative measure of behavior- a special form of event recording. a measure of the number of responses or practice opportunities needed for a person to achieve a pre-established level of accuracy or proficiency
types of time sampling measures
whole interval recording, partial interval recording, momentary time sampling
rate/frequency
a ratio of count per observation time. calculated by dividing the number of responses recorded by the number of standard unites of time in which observations were conducted.
duration
total extent of time in which a behavior occurs
timing behavior
duration, response latency, inter-response time
types of event recording
timing, time sampling, measuring by permanent product
repeatability
countability- a response class can occur repeatedly through time (behavior can be counted)- fundamental measure of behavior
magnitude
force or intensity with which a response is emitted - definitional measure
3 measures of repeatability
count, rate/frequency, celeration
Planned activity check (placheck)
a variation of momentary time sampling. the observer records whether each person in a group is engaged in the behavior at specific points in time. a measure of group behavior
time sampling
a type of event recording- a measurement of the presence or absence of behavior within specific time intervals or specific moments in time (useful for high rate behaviors)
event recording
measurement procedure for obtaining a tally or count of the number of times a behavior occurs
temporal locus
when behavior occurs in relation to other events of interest
measurement by permanent product
a method of measuring behavior after it has occurred by recording the effects of the behavior produced on the environment
2 measures of temporal locus
latency, inter-response time
celeration
the change in rate of responding over time
free operant
emitted at any time- the number of words read during a 1 minute counting period, the number of slaps per 6 seconds, and the number of letter strokes written in 3 minutes
celebration time period
a unit of time (week, month) which is plotted on a standard celebration chart
momentary time sampling
procedure for measuring behavior; method in which the presence or absence of behaviors are recorded at precisely specified time intervals
count
fundamental measure of behavior (repeatability)- a simple tally of the number of occurrences of a behavior
percentage
a ration. examples: count (number/number); time (duration/duration; latency/latency)
whole interval recording
a method of time sampling- measures behavior in brief time periods- behavior must occur the entire time of the interval. underestimates behavior.
topography
definitional measures- the physical shape or form of behavior
inter-response time (IRT)
a measurement of temporal locus; elapsed time between 2 successive responses; fundamental measure (temporal locus-time)
rate
a ratio or count per observation time
partial interval recording
a method of time sampling- the observation period is divided into a series of brief time intervals (5-10 s). Overestimates behavior- scored if the behavior occurred at any time during the interval, not how many times
celeration trend line
measured as a factor by which rate multiplies or divides across the celebration time periods
2 definitional measures of behavior
topography, magnitude
artifact
an outcome or result that appears to exist because of the way it is measured but in fact does not correspond to what actually occurred
temporal extent
duration- amount of time- fundamental measure of behavior
2 derivative measures of behavior
percentage, trials to criterion
3 fundamental measures of behavior
repeatability, temporal extent (amount of time), temporal locus (when behavior occurs relative to other events)
