chapter 5 Flashcards
how does the skeletal system help with movement
attaches muscles from levers for movement
which parts of the skeletal system aid in protection
skull, vertebrae, ribs, pelvis
what does the skeletal system do to support the body
provides framework to support the organs
what is the process of blood cell formation
hematopoiesis
what do the bones in the skeletal system store
calcium and phosphate
what forms cartilage
chondrocytes
what surrounds cartilage
perichondrium
fibrocartilage
weight bearing and resist compression (in-between vertebrae, connects both halves of pelvis)
elastic cartilage
flexible and elastic (cartilage found in ear)
hyaline cartilage
firm structure, resembles frosted glass (coastal cartilage)
axial skeleton
skull, vertebral collum, ribs, sternum
appendicular skeleton
upper and lower limbs, scapula, clavicle, pelvic bones
spongy bone
light and porous, typically located at the ends of long bones or the middle of flat bones, trabeculae form structural pillars
compact bone
hard, strong bones, forms outer shell, comprises 80% of bone structure in the body, osteons form structural pillars
outside osteon (layers of lamellae)
circumferential lamellae, interstitial lamellae
lamellae of osteon
concentric lamellae
central (haversian) canal
runs through the center of the lamellae, contains blood vessels and nerve fibers
concentric lamellae
layers encircle central canal, adjacent collagen fibers run in opposite directions
perforating canals (volkmanns canals)
connect blood supplies of periosteum to central canal and medullary cavity
lacunae
small cavities that lie in between lamellae, contain osteocytes
canaliculi
small canals that connect the lacunae and central osteon
ex of long bone
humerus
short bone
carpals
flat bone
scapula
irregular bone
vertebrae
sesamoid bone
patella
make up of boney matrix
hard and dense substance comprised of mineral deposits and collagen
osteocytes
mature bone cell, responsible for monitoring boney matrix
osteoblasts
form bone matrix
