Chapter 5

Question 1

Ideal Gas Law and Its Rearrangements

Answer 1

PV=nRT

P = pressure
V = volume
n = number of moles
R = ideal gas constant
T = temperature

Question 2

Kinetic Molecular Theory Assumptions.

Answer 2

1. No attractive or repulsive forces between gas particles.
2. Gas particles are far apart and have negligible volume.
3. Particles move randomly in straight lines.
4. Collisions are elastic (no energy lost).
5. Kinetic energy relates to velocity; gases have the same average kinetic energy at a given temperature.

Question 3

What is the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 3

A model explaining gas behavior at the level of individual particles (atoms and molecules).

Question 4

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution

Answer 4

Shows that as temperature increases, the range of velocities for gas particles becomes larger, and they move at higher speeds.

Question 5

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution

Answer 5

Shows that as temperature increases, the range of velocities for gas particles becomes larger, and they move at higher speeds.

Question 6

What is the difference between effusion and diffusion?

Answer 6

Effusion is gas escaping through a tiny opening, while diffusion is gas mixing in a space. Both are affected by temperature.

Question 7

What is diffusion?

Answer 7

Describes the mixing of gases. Rate of diffusion increases with temperature and decreases with larger molecule size.

Question 8

What is effusion?

Answer 8

Effusion is the movement of gas through a small opening into a vacuum, with the rate increasing with temperature and decreasing with gas mass.

Question 9

What does graham’s law state?

Answer 9

Graham’s law states that gas effusion rate is inversely proportional to the square root of molecular weight.