Chapter 5 Flashcards
idea that image on the retina could be caused by any number of different objects
inverse projection problem
condition in which object properties do not change when viewed from different angles
viewpoint invariance
process by which small elements become perceptually grouped into larger objects
perceptual organization
approach that proposes principles of perceptual organization and figure-ground segregation
Gestalt psychology
rules that describe how elements in a scene become grouped together
principles of perceptual organization
principles that states, points that, when connected, result in straight or smooth lines are seen as belonging together
principle of good continuation
principle that states that every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible
principle of pragnanz
principle that states that similar things appear to be grouped together
principle of similarity
principle that states that things that are near to each other appear to be grouped together
principle of proximity
principle that states that things that are moving in the same direction appear to be grouped together
principle of common fate
principle that states that elements that are within the same region of space appear to be grouped together
principle of common region
principle that states that connected regions of a visual stimulus are perceived as a single unit
principle of uniform connectedness
perceptual separation of an object from its background
figure-ground segregation
figure-ground pattern in which the figure becomes the ground and the ground becomes the figure
reversible figure-ground
phenomenon in which stimulus perception persists about 250ms after the stimulus is terminated
persistence of vision
pattern that decreases a person’s ability to perceive something
viewpoint masking stimulus
information that may enable observers to rapidly perceive the gist of a scene
global image feature
characteristic associated with the functions associated with different types of scenes
semantic regularity
observer’s knowledge about what is contained in typical circumstances
scene schema
idea that we perceive the object most likely to have caused the received stimuli pattern
likelihood principle
idea that some of our perceptions are the result of assumptions we are not aware of
unconscious inference
approach in which perception is determined by taking probabilities into account
Bayesian inference
theory that describes how the brain uses past experiences to predict what we will perceive
predictive coding
area of the brain that is active when a person views and object but not a texture
lateral occipital complex (LOC)
