Chapter 5

Question 1

charter

Answer 1

a document granting special rights to a people or a group

Question 2

monopoly

Answer 2

a situation where a company has total control of an industry or supply of goods

Question 3

obligated

Answer 3

required to do something

Question 4

orator

Answer 4

someone who gives speeches, especially someone who is very good at it

Question 5

quarantine

Answer 5

to separate from others, especially in the case of illness

Question 6

subsidy

Answer 6

financial assistance given by the government in support of a project or business

Question 7

mechanize

Answer 7

to change from work done by humans or animals to work done by machines

Question 8

plat

Answer 8

to map the actual or planned features of a place such as streets and building lots

Question 9

squatter

Answer 9

a person who occupies land or property they do not own

Question 10

tenant

Answer 10

a farmer who rents a plot of land and a house from a landowner

Question 11

thresh

Answer 11

to separate the grain from a harvested plant by striking it with a hand tool or using a machine

Question 12

yield

Answer 12

an amount produced

Question 13

chain migration

Answer 13

migration to a place that is caused by the stories of people who have already migrated there

Question 14

exodus

Answer 14

a mass migration of people, often of one religious or thence group

Question 15

famine

Answer 15

an extreme food shortage where many people do not have enough to eat

Question 16

pacifist

Answer 16

a person who believes that war and violence are wrong, and who refuses to participate in either

Question 17

cowtowns

Answer 17

Cowboys saw cowtown as places to seek refuge from life on the trail. Businesses offered services and goods as cowboys passed through. Cowtowns were not always permanent. Shifts in trails often led to the decline of a cowtown, unlike railroad towns with regular work.

Question 18

land grants

Answer 18

Land grants were argued to have created an unfair advantage for railroad companies. They made it possible to create monopolies, which dominated the railroad industry and other industries reliant upon rail. Others views the land grants are financial assistance.

Question 19

locusts

Answer 19

destroyed summer crops, making winter wheat popular

Question 20

Fred Harvey

Answer 20

built a successful restaurant chain along the railroad

Question 21

Medicine Lodge River

Answer 21

the location with no American settlements or army forts nearby, perfect for peace negotiations between the Native Americans and the United States government agents

Question 22

General Hancock

Answer 22

assumed the Native Americans were unwilling to negotiate a peace settlement and set fire to their villages