Chapter 5

Question 1

[True or False]Both copies of all genes from the two parents are expressed within diploid organisms .

Answer 1

False

Question 2

[True or False] Epigenetic modifications to DNA are reversible

Answer 2

True

Question 3

[True or False] Some mutant alleles are only expressed under particular environmental conditions

Answer 3

True

Question 4

[True or False] All cases of embryonic lethality are the result of being homogeneous for a dominant allele.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Wild-type allele is completely dominant over recessive mutant allele

Answer 5

Complete Dominance

Question 6

Phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate BETWEEN the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Answer 6

Incomplete Dominance
(snap dragons)

Question 7

Phenotype of the heterozygote includes the phenotypes of BOTH homozygotes

Answer 7

Codominance
(Speckled Chicken)

Question 8

When one gene depends on another gene for it to be expressed

Answer 8

Epistasis

Question 9

The gene doing the masking

Answer 9

Epistatic gene

Question 10

The gene whose effects are masked

Answer 10

Hypostatic gene

Question 11

Allele that causes death at an early stage in development often before birth.

Answer 11

Lethal Allele

Question 12

Occurs when heterozygotes have an increased fitness over both homozygotes

Answer 12

Heterozygote advantage
(Sickle cell anemia)

Question 13

A trait that is determined by an environmental effect two mutations give the same phenotype

Answer 13

Phenocopy

Question 14

One gene impacts more than one phenotype

Answer 14

Pleiotropy

Question 15

Trait is expressed in BOTH sexes but differently in each sex

Answer 15

Sex influenced

Question 16

Trait is expressed in both maternal and paternal, but is only expressed in ONE sex

Answer 16

Sex-Limited trait

Question 17

Traits encoded by cytoplasmic genes in mitochondria

Answer 17

Cytoplasmic inheritance

Question 18

______/_____ are inherited predominately from the mothers egg

Answer 18

Mitochondria;Chloroplasts

Question 19

Phenotype of offspring is determined by genotype of the mother

Answer 19

Genetic maternal effect

Question 20

Substances that are on red blood cells that can trigger a immune response if foreign to body

Answer 20

Antigens

Question 21

Universal recipient

Answer 21

AB blood type

Question 22

Universal Donor

Answer 22

O Blood type

Question 23

N equals

Answer 23

The number of different alleles at the locus

Question 24

% of individuals having a particular genotype that express the expected phenotype

Answer 24

Penetrance

Question 25

The degree to which a phenotypic trait is expressed

Answer 25

Expressivity

Question 26

Phenotype is the combined effect of proteins encoded by genes at 2 or more loci

Answer 26

Gene Interaction

Question 27

The effect of alleles at one gene locus masks (hides) the effect of alleles at another gene locus.
*Can be dominant or recessive.

Answer 27

Gene interaction with Epistasis

Question 28

The masking allele(s) are_____to the masked allele(s).

Answer 28

Epistatic

Question 29

The masked allele(s) are to the masking allele(s).

Answer 29

Hypostatic