chapter 5

Question 1

the branch of government charged with putting the nation’s laws into effect.

Answer 1

executive branch

Question 2

formal (or enumerated) powers

Answer 2

powers expressly granted in the Constitution

Question 3

powers not laid out in the constitution but used to carry out presidential duties

Answer 3

informal powers

Question 4

an agreement with a foreign government negotiated by the president and requiring a two-thirds vote in the Senate to ratify

Answer 4

treaty

Question 5

the annual speech from the president to Congress updating that branch on the state of national affairs

Answer 5

state of the union address

Question 6

formal rejection by the president of a bill that has passed both houses of Congress

Answer 6

pocket veto

Question 7

an informal veto caused when the president chooses not to sign a bill within ten days, during a time when Congress has adjourned at the end of a session

Answer 7

pocket veto

Question 8

presidential authority to release individuals convicted of a crime from legal consequences and set aside punishment for a crime

Answer 8

presidential pardon

Question 9

a right claimed by presidents to keep certain conversations, records, and transcripts confidential from outside scrutiny, especially that of Congress

Answer 9

executive privilege

Question 10

an agreement between a president and another nation that does not have the same durability in the American system as a treaty but does not require Senate ratification

Answer 10

executive agreement

Question 11

written comments issued by presidents while signing a bill into law that usually consist of political statements or reasons for signing the bill but that may also include a president’s interpretation of the law itself

Answer 11

signing statement

Question 12

policy directives issued by presidents that do not require congressional approval

Answer 12

executive order

Question 13

a law passed over President Nixon’s veto that restricts the power of the president to maintain troops in combat for more than sixty days without congressional authorization

Answer 13

war powers resolution

Question 14

the proces of removing a president from office, with articles of impeachment issued by a majority vote in the House of Representatives, followed by a trial in the Senate with a 2/3rds vote necessary to convict & remove.

Answer 14

impeachment

Question 15

a collection of offices within the White House organization designed mainly to provide information to the president

Answer 15

executive office of the president

Question 16

informal tool used by the president to persuade members of Congress to support his policy initiatives.

Answer 16

bargaining and persuasion

Question 17

presidential appeals to the public to pressure other branches of government to support his policies

Answer 17

bully pulpit

Question 18

a tactic through which presidents reach out directly to the American people with the hope that the people will, in turn, put pressure upon their representatives and senators to press for a president’s policy goals

Answer 18

going public