chapter 5 Flashcards
do other social policies of wealthy democracies spend more money on this issue than the US. T/F
true
US state funding is in a unfortunate situation because they
have less money from the federal government
if these strategies reduces crime they also
improve quality of life
poverty is
difficult to define
the federal government measurement of poverty in the 1960s is
American family spending
American family spending
Looking at how people spend their cash income. ⅓ of cash income is for food. This ⅓ became American family spending.
critics talk about three deficiencies in American family spending
three time minimal food budget
tax benefits
cost of living
race and ethnicity percentages
first African Americans
second latinos
third asians
last white
children poverty percentage
16.2% of children live in poverty.
1. African America
2. Latinos
3. Asian
what is episodic poverty
poverty as people who move in and out of poverty
Episodic poverty percentage
- latinos
- African americans
- whites
Concentrated poverty
poverty area’s/ neighborhoods that are impoverished
how does poverty contribute to criminal behaviors
low income people dominate arrests
overrepresentation in legal punishment
Criminologists believe there is a perception that people who are in poverty are criminalistic;
toxic stress
women in the status of poverty is consistive to stress which affects the effect of crime
children’s brain
happens in the fetus
tends to increase neutral connections in the areas of the brain. these neutral connection affect fear anxiety and impulsivity
inadequate nutrition
concerns children the most
casual process
Inadequate nutrition impairs the ability to develop/ to function/ neuropsychological functioning
Children’s neuroendocrinological expressions don’t express themselves effects
them having poor social relationships
who does the labor force represent
people 16 and older
Reasons employment status is related to criminality
Older teens and adults make more money
Keep busy being employed they don’t have the time to commit crime
A sense of purpose
Income and social psychological benefit
Character of whole communities
social welfare programs
Temporary assistance for needy families
Supplemental nutrition assistance programs
Medicaid and other public health insurance
