Chapter 5 Flashcards
What natural occurrence causes wind?
The sun heating up the earth.
What hits the blades of the turbine to make it turn?
Air particles
Where does the electrical energy go that is produced by the wind turbine?
Energy can be used by the owner or the wind turbine or sent to the national grid.
What is stage 1 of generating electricity from fossil fuels?
Stage 1 is the combustion of fossil fuels
Where is fossil fuels combusted and what energy’s are released?
Fossil fuels are combusted in furnaces and chemical energy and thermal energy is released
What is stage 2 of creating electricity through fossil fuels.
Stage 2 is the evaporation of water.
How is the temperature of the water increased in the furnace in stage 2?
The thermal energy released when combusting the fossil fuels in stage 1 increases the temperature of the water.
What happens to the water when it reaches 100°C?
The water evaporates into steam and the steam is ejected into the steam turbine.
What is stage 3 of creating electricity by using fossil fuels?
Stage 3 is steam used to turn a turbine.
What makes the steam turbine turn?
The high velocity water molecules of steam colliding with the fin of the steam turbine makes the turbine spin.
Where is the steam sent after it is ejected through the steam turbine? And what happens the steam after the steam turbine?
The cooling towers and the steam is cooled down
What is stage 4 of creating electricity through the use of fossil fuels?
Stage 4 is condensing in the cooling towers
What happens the steam when it enters the cooling towers?
The steam loses a lot of energy as it is condensed
Where does the liquid go after it is condensed from steam?
Back to the furnace to be recirculated
Why is the creation of electricity by using fossil fuels only 40% efficient
The cooling towers eject the steam into the atmosphere which release a large amount of waste energy.
What is the definition for direct renewable energy sources?
‘These renewable energies take energy from a renewable source such as the wind or waves in the ocean and can convert this into electrical energy directly’
What is the definition of indirect renewable energy source?
‘These take energy from a renewable source such as the Sun using a physical characteristic of the material being used, and convert this energy into electrical energy’.
List 4 examples of direct renewable sources of energy
Wind, hydroelectric, wave and tidal.
Give 2 examples of indirect renewable energy sources.
Solar pv and biomass
In order list the energy changes a wind turbine goes through.
Kinetic energy from the wind transfers to kinetic energy into the hub which transfers to kinetic energy in the gear box which finally creates electrical energy in the generator
In order list the energy changes that occur in solar PV
Radiant energy from the sun transfers to electrical energy in the photovoltaic panel
In order list the energy transfer in hydroelectric power.
The gpe of the water in the dam transfers to kinetic energy when the water starts to move it then transfers the kinetic energy into the turbine as the turbine starts to move the turbine then turns the kinetic energy into electrical energy.
List the energy transfer in tidal power in order.
It starts as gpe behind the tidal barrier then when the barrier is open the energy transfers to kinetic energy from the moving water, after the waters ran through the turbine the kinetic energy transfers to the turbine as it begins to move, from the turbine electrical energy is transferred to the generator.
List in order the energy transfers in wave energy.
Radiant energy from sun heats up ground and air differently which causes wind with kinetic energy, kinetics energy of the caused kinetic energy of waves to form, when the waves oscillate through the tube this turns a generator causes electrical energy to form
