Chapter 5 Flashcards
An element that is a very reactive gas is most likely a member of the
halogens
Alkaline-earth metals ____ than alkali metals.
have greater density
The element ____ is a metalloid.
Silicon SI
The elements in Groups 3–12
are solids at room temperature, except for mercury.
is a gas at room temperature, and its atoms have six electrons in their outer level.
Oxegyn
the atomic mass of mercury
80
Which of the following statements is NOT true of elements on the periodic table?
Elements to the left of the zigzag line are metalloids.
Which of the following metals is most reactive?
lithium (Li)
Atoms of most nonmetals have ____ electrons in their outer energy level.
an almost complete set of
Which class of elements are also called semiconductors?
metalloids
The group of metals that are soft enough to be cut with a knife are
alkali metals.
Alkali metals are the most reactive of all the metals because they have ____ electron(s) in their outer energy level.
1
Why would you NOT want to handle alkali metals with your bare hands?
Alkali metals can react with the moisture on your hands and burn your skin.
Why are alkaline-earth metals less reactive than alkali metals?
It is more difficult for atoms to give away two electrons than to give away one electron
Why are halogens considered to be the most reactive group of nonmetals?
Their atoms gain only one electron to have a complete outer level.
Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?
poor conductors of electric current
Hydrogen’s physical properties are more like the properties of
nonmetals than of metals.
Which of the following elements are used to make computer chips?
silicon and germanium
An element found in the ____ makes up about 80 percent of the air you breathe.
nitrogen group.
Groups 3–12 are commonly referred to as
transition metals.
Lanthanides and actinides are placed at the bottom of the periodic table
to keep the periodic table from being too wide.
All atoms of actinides
are radioactive.
Rust is an example of how some transition metals
are very reactive
Which element would be the most reactive with potassium?
bromine (Br)
Which element is in the same period as sodium (Na) and in the same group as iodine (I)?
chlorine (Cl)
Atoms of elements in the same group as oxygen have ____ electrons in their outer level.
6
The atomic number of the atom represented by the model is
2
The atom represented by the model makes up an element that belongs to which group on the periodic table?
Group 18—noble gases
The element made up of atoms like the one in the model should be
unreactive.
The element composed of atoms like the one in the model is found in which period on the periodic table?
Period 1
What causes the properties of elements in a group to be similar?
Having the same number of electrons in the outer level of their atoms causes the properties of elements in a group to be similar.
Why are neither the alkali metals nor the alkaline-earth metals found uncombined in nature?
They are so reactive that they react with water or oxygen in the air.
Using the periodic table, determine which two groups have highly reactive metals.
Groups 1 and 2 (on the left) have highly reactive metals.
Describe the location of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals on the periodic table
Metals are located to the left of the zigzag on the periodic table. Metalloids border the zigzag. Nonmetals are to the right of the zigzag.
This metal is very reactive, has properties similar to magnesium, and is in the same period as bromine.
b. This nonmetal is in the same group as lead.
c. This metal is the most reactive metal in its period and cannot be found uncombined in nature. Each atom of the element contains 19 protons.
. calcium
b. carbon
c. potassium
