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med term > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

3 main functions of the digestive system are

A

digestion, absorption,elimination

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2
Q

name the regions of the stomach

A

upper region- fundus
main portion- body
lower portion- antra

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3
Q

the three sections of the small intestine are

A

duodenum, ileum, jejenum

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4
Q

the 4 sections of the large intestine,

A

secum, colon, rectum, anus

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5
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Chronic degenerative liver disease

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6
Q

dyspepsia

A

difficult digestion

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7
Q

dysphagia

A

difficult swallowing

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8
Q

peristalsis

A

wavelike contractions to move food to digest

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9
Q

dentalgia

A

tooth pain

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10
Q

rectocele

A

hernia of rectum protruding into vagina

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11
Q

Herniorrhaphy

A

surgical repair of hernia

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12
Q

GERD

A

gastro esophogeal reflux disease

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13
Q

Buccal ulcer

A

cheek ulcer

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14
Q

buccal

A

cheek

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15
Q

Sigmoidoscope

A

a flexible tube inserted through the anus in order to examine the sigmoid colon.

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16
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

gallstones

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17
Q

Sialadenitis

A

inflammation of salivary glands

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18
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of stomach and intestines

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19
Q

Hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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20
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

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21
Q

Anorexia

A

lack of appetite

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22
Q

Laparoscopy

A

process of viewing stomach

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23
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

enlarged liver

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24
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

gallbladder removal

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25
Q

glossectomy

A

surgical removal of tongue

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26
Q

hypogastric

A

below stomach

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27
Q

hepatemesis

A

vomiting blood

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28
Q

cholecystitis

A

gallbladder inflammation

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29
Q

colectomy

A

surgical removal of colon

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30
Q

abbreviation for nasogastric

A

NG

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31
Q

abbreviation for endoscopic retrograde

cholangiopancreatography

A

ERCP

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32
Q

abbreviation for hydrochloric acid

A

HCI

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33
Q

“pertaining to gastric digestion.”

A

peptic

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34
Q

“inflammation of the salivary gland.”

A

sialadenitis

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35
Q

An open lesion or sore of the epidermis or mucous membrane is a/an

A

ulcer

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36
Q

This word means “pertaining to below the tongue.”

A

sublingual

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37
Q

“pertaining to the tongue.”

A

lingual

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38
Q

inflammation of the liver.”

A

hepatitis

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39
Q

a chronic degenerative liver disease characterized

by fat infiltrations of the parenchymal cells and lobules

A

cirrhosis

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40
Q

inflammation of the gallbladder

A

cholecystitis

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41
Q

the milky fluid of intestinal digestion composed of

lymph and emulsified fats

A

chyle

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42
Q

a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any

part of the gastrointestinal system

A

crohn’s

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43
Q

occurs when the muscle between
the esophagus and the stomach, the lower esophageal sphincter, is weak or relaxes
inappropriately, allowing the stomach’s contents to back up in the esophagus.

A

GERD

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44
Q

is a disorder that interferes with the normal function

of the large intestine (colon)

A

IBS

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45
Q

means “chewing.”

A

mastication

46
Q

breaking of complex substances into more

basic elements

A

catabolism

47
Q

a twisting of the bowel on itself that causes

an obstruction

A

volvulus

48
Q

Herniorrhaphy

A

surgical repair of hernia

49
Q

Gastroenterology

A

study of stomach and intestines

50
Q

Anorexia

A

lack of appetite

51
Q

What would the definition be for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy

A

gallbladder removed through small incisions in abdomen

52
Q

The liver manufactures bile, which then gets stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. What
happens to the bile after a patient has a cholecystectomy?

A

skips and goes straight to small intestine

53
Q

Cirrhosis

A

condition of degenerative liver disease

54
Q

Defecation

A

process of elimination / emptying bowel

55
Q

Gastrectomy

A

surgical removal of stomach

56
Q

Gastroesophageal

A

pertaining to stomach and esophagus

57
Q

Pertaining to teeth

A

dental

58
Q

Inflammation of small intestines

A

enteritis

59
Q

Stomach pain

A

gastrodynia

60
Q

Specialist in the stomach and small intestines

A

gastroenterologist

61
Q

Softening of the stomach

A

gastromalacia

62
Q

Pertaining to the nose and stomach

A

nasogastric (NG)

63
Q

Inflammation of the gums

A

gingivitis

64
Q

Liver tumor

A

hepatoma

65
Q

Many (excessive) eating

A

polyphagia

66
Q

Create an opening in the ileum

A

ileostomy

67
Q

sialolith

A

salivary stone

68
Q

jejunum

A

middle portion of small intestine

69
Q

melena

A

passing of black, tarry stools

70
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

71
Q

When the cardiac sphincter relaxes, food enters the

A

stomach

72
Q

Food, mixed with gastric

secretions, exits the stomach through the _______________ sphincter.

A

pyloric

73
Q

The first part of the small

intestine, the ______________, also receives secretions from the liver and pancreas.

A

duodenum

74
Q

. The second

and third sections of the small intestine are the __________________ and the _________________

A

jejunum and ileum

75
Q

the ___________________________ colon is the

horizontal section of the large intestine

A

transverse

76
Q

The ______ colon

is located on the right side of the abdominal cavity;

A

ascending

77
Q

the _________ colon is located on the left side

of the abdominal cavity

A

descending

78
Q

The “S” or “J” shaped ________________________ colon is connected to
the _______________, the storage sac for feces.

A

sigmoid

rectum

79
Q

An opening called the ______________________________

allows feces to be expelled in an act called ________________

A

anus

defactation

80
Q

A small mass of masticated food ready to be swallowed is:

A

bolus

81
Q

The ________ is the first portion of the small intestine.

A

duodenum

82
Q

In the term postprandial, the combining form prand/i means:

A

meal

83
Q

In the term amylase, the suffix -ase means

A

enzyme

84
Q

A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract but
most commonly occurs in the ileum is

A

chrohns

85
Q

Inflammation of the liver is:

A

hepatitis

86
Q

A surgical incision into the abdomen is:

A

laparatomy

87
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas is:

A

pancreatitis

88
Q

In the term dysentery, the prefix dys- means:

A

difficult

89
Q

A physician who specializes in the study of the anus and the rectum is called a:

A

proctologist.

90
Q

In the term emesis, the root eme means:

A

vomit

91
Q

The teeth with sharp cutting edges are:

A

incisors

92
Q

What is the term for black, tarry stools?

A

melena

93
Q

Hyperalimentation is defined as:

A

an intravenous infusion to sustain life.

94
Q

pertaining to the cheek

A

buccal

95
Q

Cirrhosis can be defined as

A

A chronic degenerative liver disease

96
Q

Pouches that protrude outward from the colon are characteristic of which condition?

A

diverticulitis

97
Q

glossectomy

A

surgical removal of tongue

98
Q

A significant accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity is known as​ ________.

A

ascites

99
Q

A hiatal hernia is protrusion of the​ ________ out of the abdomen.

A

stomach

100
Q

A person who suffers from reflux of gastric fluid back into the esophagus has​ ________.

A

GERD

101
Q

The gums in the mouth are called​ ________.

A

gingivae

102
Q

the​ throat, just beyond the​ mouth, is called the​ ____

A

pharynx

103
Q

The parotid gland is located​ ________

A

slightly below the ear

104
Q

What term means​ “surgical incision of the common bile​ duct”?

A

Choledochotomy

105
Q

What procedure necessitates that the patient wears a bag attached to the abdomen to collect stool that passes through the​ intestine?

A

colostomy

106
Q

Crohn disease is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the​ ____

A

small intestine

107
Q

The expelling of gas from the anus is medically referred to as​ ________.

A

flatus

108
Q

Food moves through the intestinal tract by means of​ ________.

A

peristalsis

109
Q

Proton-pump inhibitors are typically used by patients with​ ____

A

ulcers

110
Q

The test for occult blood requires a sample of​ ____

A

feces

111
Q

A person who suffers from reflux of gastric fluid back into the esophagus has​ ____

A

GERD

112
Q

the correct abbreviation for barium enema

A

BAE

med term (6 decks)

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